The article is devoted to the peculiarities of the human impact complex index construction to assess the environmental situation in the regions of Russia to build ecological rating of regions. There was founded the system of indicators of human impact for environmental monitoring. This index accurately reflects how the structure of human impact (on the air basin, water, land, forests, agricultural and radiation exposure) at the 2016. Ecological rating of the region based on integrated index is an effective method of determining the priorities of environmental policy.

The proposed technological process of manufacturing epichlorohydrin, calculated on the production capacity of 50 thousand ton per year to avoid imports of epoxy resins. On the basis of the research trial of the process by liquid-phase epoxidation of allyl chloride the optimal parameters of the process are determined. The conversion of hydrogen peroxide is 99 %, the yield of the epichlorohydrin – 94 %, the selectivity is no less by 95 %. The process includes three main stages: (1) raw materials preparation, (2) liquid-phase epoxidation of allyl chloride, (3) distillation of the target product. The scheme provided for recirculation of unreacted allyl chloride and the solvent – methanol.

The technology of producing foamed (thermoexpanded) graphite in the form of anisotropic particles with a size of about 100 microns and a thickness of about 5 atomic layers has been developed. The BET surface area of 12–15 m²/g, the calculated surface area at a thickness of 1,5 nm is about 800 m2/g, which allowed it to be used in filters for drinking water purification. Water testing of Lake Ladoga showed that even after 500 m³ of filtered water the turbidity did not exceed 0,5 mg/l, chromaticity 13 degrees, iron 0,11 mg/l and oxidizability 3,1 mg O/l. At the same time, the resource for turbidity and iron is not yet exhausted. The advantages of the sorbent GS are shown in the example of hot water treatment. In the Ice Palace of St. Petersburg a system of two filters "Hercules" was designed to clean hot water to fill the ice cover of the ice rink, instead of filtering the cold water and then heating it, which saved more than 3 million rubles a year. To improve filter performance, a new design was developed and tested, characterized in that it is not made in the form of a traditional cartridge, but is a backfill. The drop in the performance of such a filter to a critical level of 1,2 m³/h occurs with a filtration of 480 m³, which is 4 times greater than the volume of water obtained from the coaxial design of the filter (120 m³). Filters with uneven compaction of GS are proposed to be used for cleaning surface water in the manufacture of a modular mobile unit with a capacity of up to 10 m³/h, which is designed to produce drinking water in populated areas where there are no coagulation plants and it is impossible to reach a water conduit with drinking water, Collections, youth forums and in cases of disasters.

The technology of reextraction of gold and accompanying pollutants from technogenic raw materials is presented, which allows to utilize and process man-made waste by means of electrochemical processing, taking into account the composition of technogenic raw materials and the migration activity of elements, which reduces the ecological load on gold ore regions. Due to the extraction of pollutants, in particular arsenic, migrating together with gold from technogenic deposits, it is possible to prevent pollution of territories. Experimental data are presented on the extraction of pollutants from technogenic raw materials of various compositions. A flexible approach to their extraction is proposed. The results of experiments confirming horizontal and vertical migration of elements from resistant ores are obtained. In the aquatic environment, pollutants are removed, which are in association with gold, which are redeposited and accumulate in dense layers. A large number of elements are lost from technogenic formations, which leads not only to migratory loss of valuable components and a decrease in their industrial value, but also to environmental contamination of the territory.

The results of experimental studies of the recovery of rare earth elements from the ash of thermal processing of solid municipal waste are presented. It is shown that the ash of incinerators based on the total content of rare earth oxides is not inferior to the materials used in the production practice for their extraction. A promising way to increase the recovery efficiency of rare earth elements from ash is to concentrate them using the extraction technology when using a potassium or sodium hydroxide solution as an extractant. It is shown that the optimal conditions for the process of alkaline extraction of rare earth elements from the ash of thermal processing of solid municipal waste are the phase ratio T:M = 1:50, the duration of the treatment of the ash with reagents is 60 minutes. The content of rare earth oxide oxides in the concentrate obtained is increased by 10–11 times when using alkaline solutions (NaOH, KOH).

The issues of ecological regulation and assessment of soils in conditions of oil pollution are discussed. The role of soils in the functioning of marsh ecosystems in the context of their ecological functions and ecosystem services is considered. An assessment of the state of marsh ecosystems and their ecological services through a hydrosphere function providing a sorption, protective barrier to migration of pollutants, as well as conditions for the normal functioning of the ecosystem based on marsh soils in the northern part of Sakhalin Island in conditions of oil pollution. It is proposed to use the migration water indicator to establish the permissible content of petroleum products in soils, in case of not exceeding which, sustainable functioning of soils is provided with preservation of the hydrosphere function. The permissible content of oil products, in which top marsh peaty soil retains its stable functioning, in terms of performing hydrosphere function, established according to the water migration index, is 60 g/kg soil; for marsh lowland peat soils – 15 g/kg.

Concentrations of fine dust (PM10 and PM2.5) are the most important indicators of atmospheric air pollution. For the development of the atmosphere quality management system, the methods for calculating the concentrations of PM2.5 and PM10 in the ground layer of air based on artificial neural networks are proposed, the input parameters of which are the total dust content in the air and the common meteorological parameters. The results of trial design and training of neural networks showed the absence of a hidden relationship between the concentrations of two fractions of fine dust, respectively, for the calculation of PM10 and PM2.5, separate neural network models should be used. It is shown that the accuracy of modeling can be improved by taking into account the coefficient of chemical transformation characterizing the ability of the atmosphere to self-purification. The designed neural networks demonstrated a high accuracy in the calculation of PM10 and PM2.5 concentrations.

The review of existing methods of processing of solid wastes of ferrous metallurgy is carried out. A method is proposed for processing road-building crushed stone from blast-furnace slag by filling its pores with a mixture of cement with microsilica and impregnation with a water-repellent composition. As such a composition, it is suggested that used motor oil be used. The results of experimental studies of samples of hydrophobized slag crushed stone are reported, and statistical processing of experimental data is performed. A nomogram was constructed that allows estimating possible volumes of processing of blast-furnace slag and spent motor oil in the production of road-building crushed stone for the construction of a road with specified parameters. Construction of a motor road of the third technical category 200 km long and 10 m wide with a base of slag crushed stone processed by the proposed method allows to utilize up to 750 thousand tons of blast furnace slag and up to 3 thousand tons of used motor oil.

Discussed ways to improve the recyclability transport vehicles at the design stage. The necessity of applying easily separable connections of the components of the vehicle to facilitate reuse and species separation of materials and products. The expediency of application for the manufacture of parts of transport vehicles of modern thermoplastic polymers, which are suitable for repeat processing was shown. The use of fiberglass and carbon fiber reinforced plastics in vehicle design and difficulty of the disposal connected with their application after completion of the life cycle, were сonsidered. The need for the development of efficient industrial technologies of utilization of components from these materials was discussed.

The technology of coal mining presupposes the formation of dumps of overburden and enclosing rocks on the land surface, which in the absence of reclamation under the influence of exogenous processes subsequently migrate to contiguous territories, forming new natural and territorial complexes. In order to analyze the landscape structure of the model territory of one of the oldest coal basins - Podmoskovny brown coal - in the Tula region, studies were carried out in the Kireyevsky and Uzlovsky regions on an area of about 10,000 hectares. A map of the landscape organization of a model territory with a scale of 1: 50,000 has been drawn up and a four-level typification of mining landscapes has been developed. Self-development of landscapes of dumps and waste heaps within the model territory was manifested in the settlement of the least toxic soils and the most placed areas with pioneer vegetation with the appearance of natural products and primitive soils. Planning and phytomelioration of dumps contribute to the formation of simple and complex phytocenoses. On deluvial proluvial foreslopes around dumps and waste heaps, simple single-tiered and two-tier phytocenoses on (toxic) stratozems and technogenically transformed natural soils are common. The vegetation of landscapes of mine subsidence develops along the path of hygromorphous succession.

Solution of geologic and geoecological tasks by radiometric methods are invited to build on the basis of a unified system of information assurance, which includes: list of measured values for quantifying the parameters used in the calculation of stocks of radioactive raw materials and to assess the environment, biota and human security; system of metrological maintenance of radiometric methods for achieving unity and the required accuracy of measured values; system of geological and ecological-geological controls and monitoring. The article provides an overview of the current status of information support of radiometry and suggestions to improve.