The work deals with solving the problem of extraction of polycyclic hydrocarbons from waste water by using physical and chemical technology, including the use of flotation, settling, filtration, adsorption, ozonation. The use of such a technique makes it possible to significantly reduce the concentration of hazardous substances such as benzapirene in the waste water to be purified. Under certain modes of wastewater treatment using physical and chemical technology, the concentration of benzapirene does not exceed the regulatory values. Prospects for the use of biophlotocombines for the treatment of waste water containing complex organic substances are indicated.

The possibilities of the technology of non-catalytic reduction of nitrogen oxides (SNCR) to reduce the possible formation of secondary pollutants: ammonia, carbon monoxide and nitric oxide (I) are considered. The conditions for the process of reduction of nitrogen oxides by the thermal decomposition products of urea with a minimum formation of the above pollutants are determined.

The results of research of sorption characteristics of natural mineral material – marsh ferromanganese ore are presented. Indicators of physical properties and mechanical strength, specific surface area of grains of ore samples were determined. The high efficiency of extraction of manganese and iron ions from underground waters by this natural material without the use of additional reagents is revealed. The kinetics of the sorption process was studied. It is shown that the extraction of manganese and iron ions from water solutions by marsh ferromanganese ore proceeds by a sorption-catalytic mechanism. For each ion, the values of the sorption capacity of the sorbent, the sorption equilibrium constants, and the kinetic parameters of the sorption process are calculated.

The problems of utilization of solid municipal waste are considered, specific methods for its solution are proposed. It was established that one of the main directions of the disposal of solid municipal waste should be considered as their burning. The heat balance of the combustion of wood waste, rubber waste, polymer waste (plastics, tires), agricultural waste. Some specific parameters are determined, such as specific heat of combustion, temperature of complete combustion. It is shown that solid municipal waste should be incinerated using plants for their autothermal processing. The use of the OS 125-1000 series of heating systems as a mobile unit for burning the heating system is justified. The impact of the proposed technology for the disposal of municipal solid waste on the environment is assessed.

The results of an experiment on the processing of manure by biofermentation using microbial compositions are presented. The compositions contained bacteria that produce enzymes and biologically active substances that are involved in the decomposition of components of organogenic waste, inhibit the development of pathogenic microbiota, preserve the nutrients of the composted mixture and provide fixation of atmospheric nitrogen. It was shown that treatment of manure with active bacterial strains led to a decrease in the number of microscopic fungi and pathogenic microbiota by 1–2 orders already on the 5th day, stimulation of the decomposition of organic matter, an increase in the total nitrogen content, and a decrease in the phytotoxicity of the processed waste.

The innovative developments in the field of processing of leather and sheepskin-fur coat raw materials are presented. New technologies make it possible to process sheepskin and leather raw materials with a minimum consumption of chemical materials, consume fresh water, generate wastewater and shorten the processing.

The features of the accumulation of heavy metals in medicinal plant raw materials Tanacetum vulgare L. in the conditions of the Trans-Urals region of the Republic of Bashkortostan are discussed. The variation-statistical indices of the content of heavy metals in soils and in plants are calculated. Soils and plants have high coefficients of heavy metals variation, with the exception of manganese in the soil, which is characterized by moderate variability. An increased level of heavy metals mobile forms, such as Cu, Zn, Mn, Fe, Pb, Cd, has been detected in all soil samples. All selected samples had an elevated level of mobile forms. According to the degree of contamination, the studied soils were classified as permissible. In tansy plants, the concentration of trace elements-biophiles exceeded the norm in Fe 1.7–6.24, in Cd 1.3–1.7 times, and the concentrations of Cu, Zn, Mn, Pb in the aboveground and underground parts of the species remained within the normal range. It is revealed that the root system of Tanacetum vulgare L. contains higher values of the studied elements than the aerial parts. According to the intensity of absorption, the elements are arranged in the following sequence: Zn → Cd → Cu → Fe → Mn → Pb. According to the coefficient of biological accumulation in tansy, ordinary zinc and iron belong to the elements of weak accumulation, copper, manganese, lead, cadmium –to the elements of weak capture.

The data on ore and placer gold mining facilities in the north-eastern part of the Altai Republic are given. The widespread use of mercury for the extraction of gold by the amalgamation method has been established. The features of the use of mercury by gold mining enterprises in the region are characterized. Estimated oriental volumes of mercury used and the mass of generated mercury-containing waste. The main environmental effects of mercury emissions into the environment during storage of ore enrichment waste containing it were determined. Local foci of mercury contamination were identified in the areas where the stripping shops were located in settlements. The levels of mercury in the natural environments of settlements with the presence of gold mining objects have been established.

The results of satellite monitoring with SAR of oil pollution in the Barents Sea conducted in 2017–2019 are presented. The statistics and summary maps of oil pollution of different type, detected and mapped are analyzed.

The problems of landfill gas collection and treatment at municipal solid waste landfills are considered. The analysis of the main methods of landfill gas treatment and use is carried out. The characteristic of the gas collection system used at the Kuchino MSW landfill is presented. Installation of a landfill gas treatment system on a flare at the stage of landfill closing will reduce methane emissions by 65 % in comparison with a landfill not equipped with such a system, and the fee for negative impact on environmental objects will decrease by 30 %. Based on the analysis of monitoring studies of landfill biogas emissions from the Kuchino MSW landfill, a decrease in the concentration of pollutants in the landfill gas after its treatment to the MPC level and below was established.

A mathematical model is considered for choosing the optimal operating mode of an industrial absorption apparatus for CO₂ emission from flue gases. The analysis of CO₂ absorption from flue gases in dynamics and the hydraulic resistance of the nozzle of an industrial absorber are carried out. It was found that the temperature and pressure of the absorption process significantly affect the emission of CO₂ from flue gases. It was determined that with an increase in the gas flow rate, the concentration of CO₂ at the outlet of the absorber increases. As a result of the studies, the optimal mode of the process of CO₂ adsorption from flue gases was obtained, while maintaining the optimal technological parameters of the absorption process and observing environmental standards.

The article is devoted to identifying current trends and prospects for the development of legislation of the Russian Federation on environmental emergencies in the context of changing and exponentially increasing environmental, industrial and biological threats and risks. Based on the results of the analysis of the current legislation, the conclusion is proved, according to which there is currently no appropriate regulatory and methodological framework that allows you to quickly take into account, identify and classify all possible signs and conditions for attributing certain threats and risks to an emergency of a natural, man-made, and, in particular, biological nature, in particular, in the case of epidemics. To solve the existing problems, the authors propose a number of measures to improve the current legislation on emergency situations, including by preventing (reducing the risk) of environmental disasters, emergencies, as well as eliminating their consequences by implementing a set of measures to improve the disturbed territories.