Preview

Ecology and Industry of Russia

Advanced search
Open Access Open Access  Restricted Access Subscription or Fee Access
Vol 21, No 3 (2017)
View or download the full issue PDF № 3 (2017) (Russian)

ENGINEERING SOLUTIONS

4-11 925
Abstract

Biomass of microorganisms in aerogenic dissemination is an allergen and causes bronchopulmonary pathology. Organized source of air-gas emissions (AGE) in the production of protein—vitamin additives of any kind of raw materials are driers, bioreactors and separators. There were provided the results of a survey of a number of AGE production. There were developed new types of gas treatment equipment – vortex absorber and a mesh mist separator with continuous regeneration for bioreactors and separators. The greatest contribution to the AGE of fodder protein production make drying compartments. New technical solutions for their technological improvement did not on the path of increasing of gas treatment equipment capacity, but on the path to change hardware technological scheme. There were developed and tested a few schemes with varying degrees of closure of drying agent’s (DA) circulation. The final decision was the scheme with a fully closed-loop circulation of DA, thus ensuring the full environmental safety and explosion-proof of drying compartments.

12-15 533
Abstract

To increase the efficiency of mass-transfer apparatus, a jet-bubbling contact device is suggested. The article considers perspectives for using of jet-bubble contact devices for heat and mass transfer apparatus. The distinctive feature of the developed device is an intensive countercurrent contact between the gas (vapor) and liquid in each element. The authors conducted experimental studies of dispersing liquid and gas in the proposed contact devices. Powerful turbulent axisymmetric perturbations occur in the bubbling layer, which affect the initial oscillations of the jet and determine the length of its decay. In the jets larger diameter distances between the involved gas bubbles less. Therefore, the resulting local jet are usually a smaller amount of liquid, which is decomposed accordingly into smaller drops.

SCIENTIFIC DEVELOPMENTS

16-20 829
Abstract

The article deals with theoretical and practical aspects of biological waste water rehabilitation of sugar factories by algocoenosis correction. This technology allows you to transfer domestic sewage treatment plant of filtration mode fields in the biological treatment ponds mode, significantly reducing the area of sewage treatment plants, thus improving the quality of treated waste water, which will, in turn, use them repeatedly reducing total water consumption.

21-25 630
Abstract

Deterioration of water sources is due to the state of search, extraction, transportation of gas condensate and processing of hydrocarbon materials, including containing substantial amount of hydrogen sulfide and mercaptans. Primary preparation of such condensate is to separate water from it (so called condensate water), which is pumped back into the well. Water of the main water sources – Astrakhan Oblast is characterized mainly by containing different toxins at the level of, or slightly above the MAC level, However, for fish farms content of main pollutants in water should be at a level of about 0.1 MAC for water potable purposes. This means that the water for fish farms must be treat. At the same time, economically and environmentally acceptable methods of water purification media for fish farms may be the only ones that use natural sorbents that do not contain any toxic substances. In this case you can use gazes of the Astrakhan Oblast, It should be noted that the sorbents which are milled gazes, with prolonged use, do not emit any water in the components, these are sabsorbed by the sorbent, or those which are part of a sorbent.

26-31 526
Abstract

As an additive to reduce the drying of the bricks were used drill cuttings produced during oil production. In addition, drilling mud has a high calorific value, so this component it is advisable to use as burnable additives. The purpose of the burnable additives – intensify the firing process, to improve the sintering behavior of the masses and thereby to increase the strength of products and to reduce the density. As a binder, to obtain a ceramic material was used mislava clay, which is a waste of oil shale. The production of ceramic materials from waste products without the use of traditional natural materials contributes to the development of "green" economy. Given that currently traditional natural raw material resources in Russia and other CIS countries are exhausted, involving waste products in an industrial revolution will make highquality ceramic materials. The use of waste products in the production of building materials promotes recycling , environmental protection and reducing environmental impact in the regions.

32-35 613
Abstract

Current trends of improving of wastewater discharge regulation mechanisms in centralized municipal systems of sewage disposal and in water bodies, the tightening of the requirements for the quality of wastewater, stimulate the development of technologies for their treatment. While improving the quality characteristics of the treated water, problem of formation and subsequent disposal of large source of waste – wastewater sludge (WS) – remains unresolved to date. There were presented information confirming the increase in the volumes of WS produced at municipal wastewater treatment plants. There were presented results of experimental studies on the effect of the thermal characteristics of sludge on the process of their incineration.

ANALYSIS. METHODS. PROGNOSIS

36-40 589
Abstract

At present, according to experts evaluations, industrial enterprises in compliance with environmental legislation carry out environmental expenditures of the order of several hundred billion rubles. While not the entire volume of industrial environmental costs is associated with the maintenance of a favorable state of the environment, some of them appear due to various defects (contradictions, gaps) in environmental legislation, leading to the emergence of administrative barriers (absurdities).

41-45 553
Abstract

The features of the application of different soils under turf laying in permafrost conditions. Considers tillage techniques and training soils conditions bookmark lawns, seeding and planting, care in the summer and winter seasons. The recommendations for depth bookmark lawns, burrows for moms-seeding, types of grass mixtures and planting shrubs schemes, doses of mineral fertilizers.

46-49 1244
Abstract

There was performed retrospective analysis of the environmental impacts on the territory of Irkutsk Oblast. There was found that the average environmental load by solid and gaseous products of combustion accounts for 10 % of total emissions from stationary sources of pollutions discharge. There was calculated oxygen balance and found that the forest fires destroyed about 12 % of total production oxygen.

50-55 607
Abstract

The article is devoted to circular economy concept. Its three major components: material circuit, extension of resource use cycle, efficient use of renewable energy are discussed in the article. Material circuit types are also determined. Principles that determine the circuit type are distinguished. Environmental and economic impacts of circular economy are analyzed using specific examples.

56-63 528
Abstract

Carried out the review and analysis of long-term variability of mean annual and mean during winter temperature in 13 major administrative and industrial centers of the North-West and Central federal district – Murmansk, Arkhangelsk, Petrozavodsk, St. Petersburg, Pskov, Novgorod, Kaliningrad, Moscow, Smolensk, Tambov, Kostroma, Kursk and Voronezh. On the basis of the method of cluster analysis identified the major regional characteristics variability in air temperature. An assessment of the correlation between the dynamics of the 4 values of climatic indices of atmospheric circulation over the North Atlantic – NAO (North Atlantic Oscillation) and long-term changes in air temperature. Identified and analyzed interannual trends cooling trend over the winter period. Presented a preliminary assessment of the intensity of the impact of changes in temperature conditions on industry and the economy of the North-West and central federal districts in relation to a possible cooling.



ISSN 1816-0395 (Print)
ISSN 2413-6042 (Online)