Questions of water treatment in order to hold the environmental stability of the farm landscape based on irrigation systems are considered. The question on the necessity to control the ion composition and total mineralization of irrigation water in order to directly improve physical and chemical properties of soils at irrigated areas, lowering the risk of their salinization and alkalinization, and holding the environmental stability of farm landscape, is brought up. The methods of directed varying the quality of irrigation water in technologies of its controlling are presented. The advantages of the method of the reverse osmosis compared with other separation methods of the ion composition of water and the essence of the membrane method are determined. When implementing this method, the component composition of water varies at a molecular level. The schematic of the installation for the water quality control, using which, water of various ion compositions and required quality for several consumers; notably, for the drop or intrasoil irrigation, drinking water supply, and technical needs; is presented. The reasonability of this method of water treatment; which provides a decrease in expenses for the treatment of water entering soil moistening, preparation of water of a definite quality for the multipurpose use, and promotes a decrease in the anthropogenic effect on the surrounding medium; is substantiated.

In order to intensify drying of disperse wood and vegetable materials to specified humidity parameters, a design of the effective manufacturing apparatus combining the elements of air-fountain drier and tube drier is developed. A two-stage drying process, which proceeds in this apparatus, ensures the removal of the main amount of moisture from the treated material in a severe temperature mode (600–700 °C) in a tube drier and considerably increases its residence time in an air-fountain cap providing the finite material humidity in limits of 8 – 12 %.

A problem of automation based on programmable logic controllers (PLC) of gas-nitriding production processes combined with catalytic ammonolysis is considered. The automation is directed to an increase in stability, economic efficiency of production, and lowering the danger of toxic emissions of gaseous ammonia. To ensure the continuity of catalytic ammonolysis, it is proposed to use two production lines for gas nitriding operating by turns. The by-turn operation of two identical lines ensures the continuity of production manufacturing and forms the economic base for more effective implementation of measures ensuring the environmental safety. The method of minimizing accidental emissions of ammonia by using the sprinkler fire extinguishing system is offered for processes with its use. The trend of processes in two production lines of gas nitriding is presented by the operation graph based on the Petri net. A model in a form of the operation graph makes it possible passing to the implementation of the control system of the production process. For this target, after the graph is considered and analyzed, operator formulas are formed, which are the effective form of the order for PLC programming.

In recent years, attempts are made to utilize valuable components of the biomass of microscopic fungi—waste of microbiologic productions. Polysaccharides of a cellular wall of fungi are widely used to obtain various biosorbents, mainly high-molecular ones—chitin or chitin–glucan complex. We developed the method of fabrication of polysaccharide complex from the biomass of the hypomyces rosellus VKP F-242 microscopic fungus—the manufacturing waste of the die, and investigated its certain physicochemical and sorption properties. According to the data of the IR spectrum and elemental analysis, a polysaccharide complex isolated from mycelium is close to chitin of crustaceans and other filamentous fungi. A polysaccharide complex possesses the higher sorption ability than the worked-out fungus biomass. The degree of recovery of metal ions is 89% and 77% for Al3+, 55% and 43% for Cu2+, and 80% and 70% for Co2+, respectively.

Human activity is resulted in the pollution of the surrounding medium. Therefore, environmental problems and their solution belong to topical problems of saving the nature on the Earth. The ways for improving the environmental characteristics of production are discussed by the example of large-tonnage production of phthalic anhydride. It is shown that the solution of these questions is diverse and multi-aspect. The proposed way of solving this problem can be apparently used in other productions of chemical industry.

Currently, a large amount of waste and drains, which are characterized by high values of the chemical oxygen demand and maximum concentration limit as well as by the
presence of organic impurities, is formed at enterprises of meat-processing industry. Such waste should be purified before the discharge into the treatment facilities. In this
study, the problem of purification of hot liquid waste of meat-processing industry is considered by the example of the production waste of bone meal. The possibility to perform
the coagulation at 65-85°C is shown for the first time. Regimes of physicochemical purification of mentioned waste, notably, the coagulant type and process conditions,
are selected. The advantage of using calcium oxide for the preliminary titration of the drain is shown. The joint use of coagulants and flocculants is considered.

The experience of the development of the universal technology for the integral estimation of the bioclimatic comfort and air pollution in urban lands, which can be
used in most regions of Russia, is considered. The developed computerized system enables one to calculate estimated figures and perform the mapping visualization
of found results. The developed methodological support enables one to operate with heterogeneous environmental statistical data and calculate separate
analytical and summary indices depending on their set. The results found when approving the proposed technology of the integral evaluation in Moscow allowed
us to establish that the most unfavorable conditions on the bioclimatic comfort and air pollution are formed in a megalopolis in a spring-summer period.

The methods of preparing new sorbents based on bentonite clays for softening underground water are considered. The sorption capacity of bentonite clays of various
deposits and activation types as well as materials with various ratios of bentonite and paraffin relative to hardness ions is investigated. Investigations in dynamic
conditions are performed for the MBP material and the time of the protective action of a filter with the load of the prepared material and time of attaining the total
dynamic capacity are determined. The use of this sorbent will make it possible to effectively soften water as well as to reduce expenses for carrying out this
process.

A concept of "stable development", which was accepted and developed in recent decades, being oriented to resource and energy saving as well as the development and
introduction of the so-called "green materials", had led to the reconsideration of developmental strategies of most material-consuming and power-consuming branches of
industry including the building materials industry along with the cement industry. One direction of increasing the environmental efficiency of producing and applying the
Portland cement-"the building broad"-is its partial replacement by alternative types of binders fabricated based on industrial waste. The results of investigations of clinkerless
roasting-free slag-alkali binders of M400-500 strength grades developed based on large-tonnage waste of metallurgical and petrochemical industry are presented. The
established possibility to replace the alkali activator by the alkali-containing industrial waste made is possible to reduce the prime cost of the slag-alkali binder up to 30%.

The revelation of the appearance and accumulation of hexavalent chromium ions in sewage of asbestos-cement products and development of manufacturing solutions
to minimize the ingress of hexavalent chromium into the surrounding medium during the industrial production are considered. It is established that the main
source of hexavalent chromium ions in sewage of asbestos-cement products is the clay of the Michurinsk deposit, one of cement components. Baking the cement
raw materials leads to oxidation of Cr3+ into Cr6+ in the presence of potassium and sodium oxides and sulfates. When using the recuperation water, Cr6+ ions gradually
accumulate in it. A method for removing hexavalent chromium ion from sewage of production of asbestos-cement products with the use of iron vitriol is recommended
and introduced. With the continuous introduction of the 20-% iron sulfate solution with a rate of 300 cm3/min into the sewage of production of asbestoscement
products made it possible to reduce the hexavalent chromium content from 14.0 to 3.4 mg/dm3. The development of such closed water management system
enabled ones to exclude the sewage discharge into basins and reduce the consumption of fresh water.

The approach for processing old pyrite tailings of OJSC "Svyatogor" by heap leaching with the subsequent thiocarbamide leaching of gold is considered.
Conditions of percolation leaching of pyrite tailings, which enable one to recover up to 70 % copper, up to 86 % zinc, and up to 47 % iron, are considered. The
questions of gold recovery from residues of percolation leaching are investigated. The recovery of gold at a level of 44 % is attained using thiocarbamide leaching.
Attained indices of recovery of gold determine the efficiency of applying the heap leaching technology to studied pyrite tails.

The sequential liquidation of the bark and wood waste landfill of the pulp-and-paper enterprise by using the accumulated bark and wood waste is proposed. The
researches of the samples of bark and wood waste of the prolonged storage (BWWPS), which include the determination of their chemical composition and phytotoxicity
relative to higher plants, are performed. The safety of bark and wood waste by sanitary-hygienic indicators (heavy metal content) is established and the
presence of biogenic elements (nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium), which are necessary for the growth and development of plants, is determined in them. The
absence of suppression of the growth and reproduction of higher plants when growing them on soils containing BWWPSs is confirmed. The technological scheme
of reclaiming material, ameliorators, and organometallic fertilizers based on BWWPSs by their excavation and preparation (crushing, sieving, composting and treatment
with biogenic elements) aimed at the subsequent use for landscape improving and gardening is developed.

Toxicological characteristics and respirator activity of oily sod-podzol soils of various granulometric compositions are investigated. The elimination of the "primary"
acute toxicity, which is caused by the initial complex of oil components, is determined by the initial pollutant concentration in the soil and its granulometric composition.
A decrease in acute toxicity of oily mid-loam soils occurs for the shorter period than that of sandy-loam ones. No inhibiting pollutant effect on the microbe
community of sod-podzol soils is revealed in the studied range of oil concentrations (up to 20 %). The introduction of the pollutant into the oil was in all cases
accompanied by the enhancement of CO2 emission. The mineralization rate of oil products in mid-loam soil exceeds the corresponding characteristics of the
sandy-loam soil by a factor of 1,5 – 6,5. The prolonged effect of oil and its transformation products leads to more serious violations in the stability of the microbe
community of the easier soil.

The possibility of the co-utilization of "Dominanta" and "Purigal" reactants for treating the electroplating sewage containing hexavalent chromium ions and ions of
by-product metals is considered. Experimental works on the determination of the effective amount of Dominanta" and "Purigal" reactants are performed. The
experiments showed that all reactants, which were selected for studying their ratio, purified sewage for to the MCL, and the use of these reactants is rational and
effective.

The results of investigations of the tailing dump in city Karabash are presented. Mobile and gross forms of the content of heavy metals in the tailing dump, which
promotes the pollution of not only soils but also water objects, are revealed. Visual investigations of the tailing dump are presented. The state of the atmospheric
air is analyzed with the subsequent graphic representation using the Golden Software Surfer. The granulometric composition of tails along the Sak-Elga river valley
is analyzed.

The formation conditions of filtration properties of ash slags, which are formed when burning the coals of the Kansk-Achinsk coal basin, are considered. A considerable
role of a high content of calcium oxides in the ash, mudding the previously hydraulic fill ash-slag layer, and substantial decrease in their filtration coefficient
are revealed. Nature observations and laboratory investigations of modern characteristics of ash slags and numerical modeling of filtration from the ash dump
of the Krasnoyarsk Heat Station-3 are presented.