This study addresses the relevant problem of cleaning industrial gas emissions from oil mists amid tightening environmental regulations and the need for energy-efficient separation devices. The efficiency of a vortex separator of straight-through type with an axial gas flow swirler as a promising design that minimizes secondary liquid carryover through liquid drainage from the blades has been experimentally investigated. The influence of key swirler design parameters (number of blades: 6, 8, 12; inclination angle: 30°, 45°, 60°) and operational characteristics (specific load 0–0.58 kg/kg, gas velocity 15–23 m/s) on the separation process has been determined. The optimal swirler configuration (6 blades at a 45° angle) has been substantiated, providing a compromise between high separation efficiency at moderate loads and low hydraulic resistance. A comparative analysis with a hollow vortex apparatus and a vortex chamber confirmed the universality of the identified patterns and demonstrated the advantage of the separator with liquid drainage in the moderate load range (L/G < 1.5). Practical recommendations have been developed for the design and operation of vortex separators aimed at improving air quality in industrial zones and reducing environmental risks.

To reduce the impact of alumina production sludge storage on the environment, engineering solutions have been developed for the reclamation of mothballed alumina waste disposal facilities. Special geogrids have been installed to apply a potentially fertile layer to the surface of the slopes of sludge maps using man-made material – silt from the bottom of the thermal power plant's settling pond. It is concluded that the use of engineering solutions for the reclamation of preserved sludge maps has shown their environmental effectiveness, while ensuring that rainwater does not enter the sludge map and solid pollutants do not dust from its surface.

The conditions of the method for processing distiller's liquid using technical sodium bicarbonate and mother liquor from the purified sodium bicarbonate workshop were studied. The optimal parameters for carrying out the reactions were determined. During the study, key factors were identified that affect the properties of the resulting product, chemically precipitated chalk. It is concluded that the proposed method will allow the processing of such production waste as clarified distiller's liquid and mother liquor from the purified sodium bicarbonate workshop.

The possibility of recycling the ash and slag mixture of the Mogocha boiler station (Trans-Baikal Railway) as part of a composite material for the device of protective layers under the ballast of the railway track and establishes the role of cryogenic treatment in the formation of its structure is established. A set of modern physical and physicochemical research methods were used to study the composition, properties, microstructural features of the ash and slag mixture to assess the efficiency of its use as a discrete phase and participation in the pro-cesses of composite structure formation.

The efficiency of sorption of zinc and copper ions from model wastewater of electroplating workshops was evaluated using dry sorbents consisting of Saccharomyces сerevisiae yeast and alginates. The preservation of the sorption properties of the sorbents over a long period of time was studied, as well as the influence of pH, temperature, initial concentration, contact time, and biosorbent dosage on sorption capacity. It was shown that the efficiency of zinc and copper ion sorption from model electroplating wastewater varies from 74 to 99% depending on the initial metal concentration and contact time.

The study presents the results of assessing the phytoremediation potential of legume, cereal, cucurbit, and cruciferous plant species adapted to sharply continental climatic conditions. It was established that rye, pumpkin, marigold, and clover exhibit the highest adaptive characteristics to contamination in chernozem and peat soils sampled in northern regions of Russia. The degree of oil removal from soils contaminated with 10–200 g of oil per kg of soil ranged from 61% to 86%, depending on the plant species, contamination level, and soil type.

The possibility of using insect larvae to address the problem of disposal and processing of organic waste, including municipal solid waste (MSW), was considered. The prospects of bioconversion of the organic fraction of waste using invertebrates, as well as the application of biodegradation using larvae of Zophobas morio for MSW processing, were noted. Special attention was paid to the important aspect of biosafety of the resulting products – vermicompost and larval biomass. The effectiveness of the DNA metabarcoding method for microbiome monitoring and pathogen detection was emphasized. It was concluded that the integration of MSW bioconversion using Zophobas morio larvae with regular metabarcoding monitoring represents a promising and technologically advanced basis for creating safe and sustainable waste processing systems.

For the first time, a new methodology for evaluating greenhouse gas emissions using filtered satellite AIS data was applied to assess the environmental load on the Arctic waters from vessels of the “Novy Port” project. It was noted that thorough signal filtering makes it possible to eliminate interference and supplement data unavailable at high latitudes without satellite coverage, thereby increasing calculation accuracy and ensuring a more objective evaluation of the carbon footprint. The obtained results can be used to optimize logistics and select environmentally friendly transportation strategies in the Arctic. It was concluded that the proposed algorithm is applicable for monitoring the environmental impact of maritime activities and for developing measures to reduce greenhouse gas emissions.

The phase composition, hazard class, radioactivity, and the content of harmful toxic compounds, the concentrations of which are subject to workplace monitoring, were assessed for metallurgical manufacture wastes (slag from beneficiation smelting of non-ferrous metals and wastes from automotive catalyst recycling containing aluminum oxide, as well as red mud and nepheline sludge). These wastes were tested as additives in the compositions of release coatings for metal casting molds. It was determined that a coating containing red mud meets all the requirements imposed on modern release coatings used in the production of ingots from refractory metals. It was shown that the introduction of red mud does not introduce additional elements into the release coating composition that could deteriorate the surface quality of the ingot. The feasibility of applying this coating was experimentally substantiated.

It was established that the largest share of net greenhouse gas emissions offset by forests occurs in Russia (58.8%) due to its extensive forest area, followed by South Africa (16.7%) and Brazil (13.3%). In India and China, forests compensate only 5.2% and 6.3% of emissions, respectively. China demonstrates the highest absolute CO₂ absorption level alongside the world’s highest anthropogenic emissions. It is emphasized that the low value of the share of offset emissions is associated with the highest anthropogenic emissions worldwide. The study concludes

It was noted that economic activity in the field of logging causes damage to ecosystems and environmental well-being of society. An analysis of judicial practice in arbitration courts and courts of general jurisdiction regarding compensation for damage caused by illegal logging was presented. Issues related to the possibility of tort liability of a forest plot lessee where illegal logging has been identified, in cases where the specific offender has not been established, were examined. New approaches to regulating this activity of economic entities were proposed.