The technical possibilities of eliminating oil spills have been studied using the example of the December 2024 heating oil spill in the Anapa area. It has been established that important conditions for the effectiveness of the oil and oil product spill response method are not only localization, but also an increase in the speed of spill response. An innovative method for collecting and eliminating oil spills is proposed using the example of a part of the north-eastern Black Sea. An experimental installation made of polypropylene plates was tested in laboratory conditions, which allowed not only to achieve adhesion of oil and petroleum products from seawater, but also to identify a number of hydrometeorological parameters that maximize the quality of oil spill response. The possibility of testing this installation in real conditions was noted, which will allow it to be used to localize and eliminate the consequences of accidents during oil transportation within marine waters. 

A combined method for the disposal of oil-containing waste using a bacterial preparation and calcium peroxide in a geocontainer was evaluated during a three-stage experimental analysis under laboratory and field conditions. The effectiveness of the proposed method for reducing the concentration of petroleum products, which amounted to 60–70% and 20–40%, respectively, is analyzed. The economic feasibility of the new disposal method was assessed, as it reduces waste transportation and handling costs in the Arctic Zone of the Russian Federation. Based on the results of the study, conclusions were drawn regarding the prospects for applying the combined method of oil-containing waste disposal, including under conditions where waste-generating facilities are located in the Arctic zone of the Russian Federation.

The article considers the features of multidimensional data clustering for environmental monitoring using the SOM neural network model, which allows identifying parameter groups with the maximum and minimum contribution, assessing the influence of each parameter on the formation of clusters based on the model weights. It is shown that SOM allows clustering multidimensional data in the process of environmental monitoring, and the Shapley algorithm determines the contribution of each feature taking into account all possible combinations. A technique for identifying the most significant parameters based on the weights of the neural network model is proposed. The neural network is trained and clustering is carried out, the influence of individual parameters on the formation of clusters is estimated, and groups of parameters with the greatest (and least) contribution to the model training process are identified. It is concluded that the significance of features when processing the original data by the PCA method and the proposed neural network model (SOM) is identical. The developed approach allows for the formation of well-founded recommendations on priority measures to improve the quality of water resources and identify critical pollutants.

Terrestrial and aquatic plants commonly found in the vicinity of the “Umbozero” rare-metal ore mine (Murmansk Region) were sampled for the first time and investigated. The studied species include goat willow, downy birch, subarctic milkvetch, narrowleaf bur-reed, and shield fern. Substrate samples (soil and bottom sediments) were also collected. Using inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry (ICP-MS), the concentrations of rare-earth elements (REEs) in all collected samples were determined. Elevated REE contents were identified in plant samples compared to background levels, and bioaccumulation coefficients were calculated. The obtained results are recommended for use in the development of phytotechnologies aimed at reducing the negative environmental impact of the decommissioned rare-metal mining facility.

The structure, sorption properties, water absorption, and buoyancy of common plant wastes typical of urban areas-fallen leaves and poplar fluff (Populus nigra) were investigated. The oil absorption capacity of relatively clean (impurities <10%) and dirty (impurities >10%) poplar fluff collected in an urban environment was analyzed, and its dependence on the mass of fluff and sorption duration was established. The dependence of oil absorption capacity on the particle size of shredded poplar leaves was also examined. Experiments on sorption of M-100 fuel oil by poplar fluff and poplar leaf litter were conducted. The study concludes that poplar fluff may serve as an effective material for oil spill response and can compete with commercially available analogs.

Expert–statistical methods for water quality assessment are proposed, based on formalized expert judgments, including evaluations derived from Harrington’s desirability function and Taguchi’s quality loss function. It is shown that due to their simplicity and acceptable accuracy, these approaches can be strong competitors to probabilistic methodologies traditionally applied in water quality assessment.

The industrial area of the former “Vostsibelement” battery plant (Svirsk, Irkutsk Region) is identified as a hotspot of heavy metal soil contamination. To select the most effective soil reclamation strategies, the mobility and chemical forms of heavy metals across the entire site were analyzed. Samples with average and maximum lead content show a higher content of residual fraction of heavy metals, which includes some of the most stable and difficult to extract compounds of the latter, which are of technogenic origin. A decrease in the fraction of heavy metals bound to organic matter was observed. Arsenic exhibited the highest mobility among the studied samples. Based on the obtained data and the identified contamination zonality, a comprehensive reclamation approach is recommended.

The role of economic instruments in ensuring environmental security in the fisheries sector is analyzed, including an assessment of their impact, efficiency, and feasibility. It is substantiated that the effectiveness of economic instruments is directly related to their integrated application, based on four key principles: marginality, adequacy (reflecting real damage), balance (combining enforcement and incentives), and institutional maturity (well-established legal and regulatory frameworks). A model is proposed for integrating economic mechanisms into the environmental security system of the fisheries complex in the Russian Federation.

The types of Russian regions of different specialization in the balance of greenhouse gas emissions calculated using a universal methodology and their absorption are highlighted. It has been revealed that achieving carbon neutrality in the medium and long term is feasible in 47% of regions where there are sufficient managed forest ecosystems and specialization in industries that provide the necessary reduction in emissions. The potential for achieving carbon neutrality is lowest in regions where the economy is heavily dependent on the extraction and transportation of coal, oil, and gas, as well as in agricultural regions, which do not have large areas of managed forests.

An analysis was conducted of the spatial distribution of microcomponents of total forms of heavy metals (Fe, Ti, Ba, Al, Mn, Zn) along a 10-km section of the Barnaulka River within the city of Barnaul. Sampling was carried out in April 2025, followed by analysis using inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry (ICP-MS). Areas with the highest levels of contamination were identified, and the main sources of pollutants were determined. Areas with maximum pollution levels were identified, and the main sources of contaminant inflow were determined. At sites with peak total metal content, the analysis of dissolved forms revealed exceedances of fishery standards (MPC_fish) for Fe and Mn. The impact of wastewater discharges on the total heavy metal content in the Barnaulka River was assessed.