The prospects of using carbon-free fuel – ammonia in order to reduce emissions of greenhouse gases into the atmosphere are considered. Possible variants of ammonia supply schemes, their advantages and disadvantages are analyzed. The system of ammonia supply to the diesel locomotive engine cylinders through the inlet air manifold is developed. The calculation of ammonia concentration in the mixture in quasi-static variant with the help of computational gas dynamics complex is carried out. Debugging tests of the system of ammonia supply into the inlet manifold of diesel engine of shunting diesel locomotive in conditions of rheostatic test station and environmental control point are carried out.

The composition of galvanic production wastewater and the technological scheme of its purification are studied. It is shown that the concentration of copper cations after treatment exceeds the level of maximum permissible concentration (MPC) for fishery water bodies. The process characteristics of dried vegetable wastes and ash generated as a result of their combustion in the boiler are obtained, as well as the parameters of the boiler itself are calculated. The adsorption process of copper ions from model solutions by two types of sorbents under static and dynamic conditions was analyzed. The process scheme of wastewater treatment from copper ions at the production of the company “ELTONS” was improved by adding a block of additional treatment with sorption material based on vegetable waste ash. The possibilities of utilization of the spent sorption material are noted.

The data on investigation of oxide-ceramic coating formed by microarc oxidation of porous samples from aluminum alloys of different chemical composition (AK15, AMg6, D16) are presented. The microstructure of the obtained composites, pore size distribution, macrostructure of the surface of porous aluminum samples before and after microarc oxidation, phase and elemental composition were studied. It is shown that microarc oxidation leads to the formation of a composite coating consisting of various forms of aluminum oxide (α-, γ-Al₂O₃) and mullite 3Al₂O₃·2SiO₂. It is noted that the obtained oxide compounds of aluminum and silicon can serve as the basis of sorbents for immobilization of chemical and biological substances with different molecular weights, as well as cells of microorganisms, in particular Escherichia coli.

The acid-base properties of old plowlands on reclaimed agricultural lands under the influence of motor transport emissions were analyzed. In comparison with background conditions (control), the decrease of actual and exchangeable acidity to neutral and alkaline (pH_water = 6.65÷7.82) was established, and also slightly acidic and close to neutral (pH_sol = 5.57÷6.23) reaction of soil environment (respectively) was noted. Increase of hydrolytic acidity – up to very strongly acidic (9.0–23.7 mg-eq/100 g) was recorded. Expressed changes in texture-differentiated gleyey and alfehumus gleyey agrozems were revealed: a significant decrease in topical acidity is characteristic of the former and a significant increase in hydrolytic acidity – for the latter. It is concluded that changes in the acid-base state of soils in the territories adjacent to highways should be taken into account when developing agrotechnical measures for growing field crops.

It is established that the presence of oil and oil products in the amounts usual for drill cuttings is not a negative factor for asphalt concrete structural formation. Asphalt concrete specimens with different contents of drill cuttings were tested and it was found that the best results were shown by the specimen from which the bulk of clay particles was removed. It is concluded that the developed technological approach with the addition of drill cuttings to the composition of asphalt-concrete mixture allows to effectively use its mineral part as well as oil and oil products to form the structure of asphalt-concrete, which ensures the subsequent operation of the latter as the top layer of the road surface.

Studies have been carried out of the textural characteristics of the solid residue obtained after sulfuric acid leaching of vanadium from a spent vanadium catalyst and its use as an adsorbent for wastewater treatment from copper ions.

The methodical approach to the integrated assessment of the ecological state of urban environment (on the example of Khabarovsk), oriented on engineering-ecological surveys and consisting in the application of the method of normalization and weighting with the determination of weighting coefficients by means of expert evaluations, was proposed. 16 indicators characterizing the ecological state of the natural environment components and physical impacts, united into groups, were identified. Weighting coefficients for individual factors and their groups were established. The use of this approach in assessing the ecological situation of the territory of the Khabarovsk administrative districts was shown and its suitability for various urbanized areas was noted.

The method of cleaning the soil contaminated with oil and oil products using calcium peroxide as a reagent is considered. Soil samples artificially contaminated with oil from Ishimbayskoye field of the Republic of Bashkortostan were studied. Calcium peroxide obtained from distiller's liquid - the main waste of soda production - was used as a reagent. After a certain time the content of oil products in soil was analyzed to reveal the dynamics of cleaning from oil products. It is concluded about the effectiveness of calcium peroxide for soil purification from oil products.

The results of the research show that, according to the chemical and mineralogical basis, coal mining overburden rocks are most suitable for the production of ceramic products. It is revealed that from the mass containing 70 % of argillites and 30 % of burnt clay, after firing at 1100 °C it is possible to obtain ceramic facing material, the characteristics of which meet the requirements of GOST 530-2012. It is concluded that the use of largetonnage associated products of the fuel and energy industry in the production of ceramic wall materials expands the raw material base, which contributes to the disposal of coal mining waste, improves the environmental situation in the regions and reduces the cost of production.

The results of experimental research of technology of reverse osmosis treatment of liquid radioactive waste (LRW) in successive cycles with return of permeate of the previous cycle to the consumer and separation of radioactive concentrate, directed to the subsequent cycle, are presented. The positive result obtained for the isotope 90Sr is noted. It is concluded that reduction of the volume of radioactive residue to be utilized allows increasing the ecological and economic efficiency of LRW processing and disposal while reducing the ecological load on the environment.

The study of uranium mobility in soil media with different pH values at introduction of metal plates Al and Fe to create reducing conditions was carried out. The situation of solid radioactive waste (SRW) disposal at Rosatom facilities was modeled. The forms of uranium in soils were determined by the method of step leaching according to the Clement's scheme. It was revealed that the most effective were acidic media with the addition of peat, where >90 % of U remains in the residual "fixed" fraction binded with organic matter. It was noted that in neutral medium (chernozem) uranium mobility significantly depends on its amount in the system (1 and 5 % by mass), and in alkaline medium excess of carbonates increases uranium mobility due to the formation of uranyl-carbonate complexes in solution. It is confirmed that uranium accumulation is most intensive in acidic and neutral media.