A review of modern technological solutions for the thermal processing of waste is presented. Traditional and alternative thermal technologies are described, characterized by a high degree of elaboration. The analysis of the possibility of using each of the considered technologies for energy utilization of municipal solid waste (MSW) in the mode of an industrial large-tonnage enterprise is carried out. Guided by the criteria of resource efficiency, cost, availability and level of industrial development, technological solutions that are promising for implementation in Russia in the next years have been selected.

The paper presents the results of research on detoxication and treatment of waste water containing nitroesters by ozonation, determines the factors that affect the efficiency of treatment and the conditions of the process, and develops a basic technological scheme for wastewater treatment. The possibility of using ultraviolet irradiation (UFI) for neutralization of wastewater containing nitramines has been established. It is shown that to activate and intensify the destruction of nitramines, the UFI process should be carried out in the presence of sulfuric acid. The technological parameters and chemistry of the process were determined, and a basic technological scheme for wastewater treatment with the return of treated water to the technological cycle was developed.

This paper focuses on the parameters of the technological regime for the regeneration of aluminosilicate adsorbents on natural gas processing plants adsorption type on the dehydration of methanol from natural gas. The object of this study were the non-hydrocarbon fraction of liquid products of the purification of natural gas from an adsorption unit on silica gel with countercurrent regeneration. Gas treatment plants was optimized using BASF KC-Trockenperlen silica gels and microporous silica gel adsorbents (АСМ). The direct-flow regeneration technology on natural gas processing plants with adsorption purification оn aluminosilicate adsorbents contributes to a more efficient reaction of the conversion of methanol to dimethyl ether and his process reduces the volume of non-hydrocarbon waste fraction. Decreasing methanol concentrations reduces atmospheric emissions and saves fuel gas consumed by a stationary thermal treatment unit.

The results of a study of microbiological processes in controlled aerobic fermentation of litter dung was carried out. It was shown that the introduction of a microbial inoculum into the fermentable substrate allows to obtain an effective biofertilizer. It was found that in the process of transformation of organic matter a specific bacterial complex is formed, which significantly differs in quality composition from the microflora of the litter dung. The change in the composition of the microbial community affected the processes of humification and led to an increase in the proportion of humic acids by more than 3 times in comparison with initial substrate. Thus, along with the active processes of mineralization of organic matter, humification processes occur simultaneously, which is manifested in the formation and accumulation of humic acids. This allows us to justify the feasibility of the developed technology not only for the agro-industrial complex, but also for the microbiological processing of a wide range of organic waste into effective biofertilizers.

The substantiation of environmental and resource-saving technologies for the repayment of voids in underground ore mining is provided, which ensures the preservation of the day surface and the vital activity of the population living in the influence zone of the mining region. The expediency of utilizing mining and metallurgical production wastes into underground mined spaces (man-made voids) as components of hardening filling mixtures is shown. The effectiveness of the use of vibration, mechanical and electrical activation of components of the hardening filling mixture in mining enterprises has been established. The research results can be used in underground mining of ore deposits of complex structure.

The substantiation of the relevance of scientific foundations and technical conditions for the creation and application of bioengineering systems to protect the territories of coastal and recreational zones from natural exogenous processes is made. For the scientific substantiation of the concept, theoretical and experimental research methods were used, existing and new proprietary technologies for the restoration of eroded and other disturbed land plots using biopositive products from local materials. The basic results of the research are the developed scientific and technical conditions for the creation and practical use of bioengineering systems for the restoration and protection of land in coastal, protected and recreational areas from natural exogenous processes. At the level of inventions and utility models, a number of new engineering solutions for the environmental direction have been obtained, which provide technological links for combining biopositive structures of protective regulatory structures into bioengineering systems for protecting land in coastal and recreational areas from various natural processes. The concept of creating bioengineering systems has been confirmed and scientifically justified.

The effectiveness of the biological method of fixing slopes folded by dusty sands is shown. The proposed methods include applying a 3–5-cm layer of peat-sand mixture to the surface of the slopes, arranging retaining walls to prevent washing off of the applied soil, applying fertilizers and sowing perennial grasses. A year later, dense turf is formed in the experimental plots with the presence of litter fall from last year's herbaceous plants. In this case, in contrast to the unfixed part of the slope, the development of erosion processes in the sown areas does not occur.

For wastewater treatment, native and thermally modified samples of leaf chestnut litter (LCL) were used as sorption material. Studies were carried out to determine the static oil capacity of the sorption material (SM) in relation to the diesel fuel (DF) and water adsorption depending on the particle size. It was established that the oil capacity of chestnut litter depends on the particle size of the biosorption material, the conditions of its heat treatment, and the duration of contact of the SM with the sorbate. It was found that the maximum sorption capacity by DF for LCL₂₅₀ is 7.17 g/g. It was determined that the purification efficiency of over 95% is achieved with a dosage of LCL₂₅₀ over 1.0 g/dm³ and a diesel fuel concentration of 210 mg/dm³.

The global use of pharmaceuticals is constantly growing and leads to water contamination with xenobiotic compounds with a wide range of biological activity. Most pharmaceutical products that are widely used in medicine and veterinary medicine are constantly discharged into domestic wastewater in unchanged form or as active metabolites. These medications include hormones, antibiotics, analgesics, antidepressants, and antitumor medications. Treatment plants are not able to effectively remove these compounds from wastewater, which contributes to their migration to freshwater ecosystems. With a long half-life, pharmaceuticals can accumulate in the environment, reaching biologically active levels. The presence of pharmaceuticals in aquatic ecosystems can lead to unpredictable environmental consequences and reactions and can also have a negative impact on human health. In the Russian scientific literature, very little attention is paid to the problem of environmental pollution by pharmaceuticals. Therefore, this review article discusses the main sources of pharmaceuticals and their metabolites, the fate of these compounds in the aquatic environment, their impact on human health and aquatic biocenoses.

The results of the work of Tobolsk enterprises of Sibur on the maximum reduction of greenhouse gas emissions, the conservation of natural resources and the preservation of the ecological balance and climate are presented.

The problems of ensuring the reliability of water quality assessment and optimizing its rationing are considered. Specific examples show that the usual interpretation of water quality standards and results of measurements of pollutants concentration as deterministic values does not comply with a number of provisions of Russian legislation and leads to errors, the consequences of which are incompatible with the requirements of environmental safety of water use. The reliability and stability of water use can only be guaranteed if both the measurement data and the established standards are considered as random values determined with an unavoidable error. In accordance with the probabilistic approach, one of the key tasks of water quality management is considered – determining the number of checks necessary for sufficiently reliable confirmation or refutation of the hypothesis of quality compliance with the standard. Various options for solving this problem in the framework of a risk-based approach are analyzed.

The article is devoted to the study of problems of environmental pollution by production and consumption waste and prospects for their solution. The paper analyzes the management of production and consumption waste for five years in the Russian Federation in relation to the dynamics of economic development of the country. The dynamics of indicators of production and consumption waste generation in the Russian Federation is given. It is shown that the main contribution to the total amount of waste is made by waste of hazard classes V and IV. Analysis of the dynamics of waste generation for the main types of economic activity showed that the largest volume for the study period falls on the type of activity "mining". An analytical study of data on the growth rate of GDP, the volume of production and consumption waste generation, waste disposal and investment in environmental protection showed an increase in waste generated per unit of GDP. The paper shows that a set of measures to change the structure of the circulation system.