ENGINEERING SOLUTIONS
The status of Russia's water bodies and the directions of activities on reduction of pollutants discharge with purified sewage due to implementation of modern domestic technologies and high-efficiency equipment are analyzed. Implementing the systems of repeated utilization of purified sewage as the basis for the rational use and protection of water bodies due to reducing the volume of sewage discharged is considered.
There are presented the results of sanitary-hygienic assessment of the air in the aluminum production building exemplified by pilot production area of the Ural Aluminum Plant equipped with electrolysers OA-300 by current of 300…330 kA.
There are presented an overview and analysis of methods for foam suppression used in foam deactivation technology. Various methods of
defoaming control including chemical, mechanical, and physical ones are described. The devices to suppress foams and to clean surfaces in the mobile complex of foam deactivation are considered.
It is developed the technique for calculating the shock pneumohydraulic spray devices enabling to choose design parameters that can provide the required dispersity under the most adverse conditions. Application of spray devices in hollow vortex apparatuses increases purification efficiency of large gas emissions from industrial enterprises, since it is provided good atomization of the liquid into the working zone of the apparatus under heavy loads.
SCIENTIFIC DEVELOPMENTS
It is investigated separation of liquid and solid phases of waste when extracting oil and gas by hot steam. There are proposed the methods of
delayed fluorescence to determine oil content in waste and removal of oil during two-stage heat treatment. Technological parameters of the
processes are identified. The technology of waste recycling in oil and gas extraction is developed.
There are presented the results of experimental investigations of the intensity of phosphorus discharge from municipal sewage sediments, as well as the intensity of phosphorus discharge during aerobic stabilization of excess silt. In order to ensure effective biological removal of phosphorus using the technology of phosphorus biological removal, there are proposed the measures to minimize phosphorus release on the stage of sewage sediments treatment.
There are presented rheological models of non-Newtonian fluids flow. For grinding sludge suspensions, there are obtained complete rheological flow curves, rheological properties of such slurries are studied and rheological constants i.e. yield stress, flow index and coefficient of consistency are found. Critical flow velocities of grinding sludge suspensions for pipelines of industrial diameters are defined.
There are considered ecological, technological and economic issues of using sewage sediments taken from a number of urban sewage
treatment plants of Russia and foreign countries. It is shown the domestic level of regulatory-legal provision and technological developments exemplified by laboratory and pilot-industrial studies, as well as patent inventions on using sewage sediments. The results of longterm investigations of qualitative and quantitative composition of sewage sediments from Right-Bank treatment plant in Voronezh city and a version of their utilization on industrial scale as an insulating material for disposal of solid household waste at the city landfill are presented.
ANALYSIS. METHODS. PROGNOSIS
It is substantiated application of metallurgical slags from the Nikopol Ferroalloy Plant (Open Joint-Stock Company) and the "Arcelor-Mittal Steel Krivoy Rog" (Open Joint-Stock Company) as sorbents of organic-origin substances when purifying industrial sewage. The efficiency of sorption and strength of sorption ties in absence of organic dyes desorption from waste slag is proved.
There are considered the possibilities of modifying sewage of nitrogen-potassium-phosphorus fertilizers production in order to obtain nutrient
solutions with specified composition for growing ornamental garden and house plants in the open and closed grounds by various methods, including hydroponics and ioniteponics. Calorimetric studies of sorption of various ions from the obtained modified outflow by cationite and anionite are carried out. The basic scheme of the process of obtaining liquid modified mineral product from industrial nitrogen-containing sewage generated when producing fertilizers is presented.
There are analyzed economic, scientific and educational activities of the university, which is resulted in generation of I…V hazard classes waste.
The problems and solutions on utilization and recycling of waste generated at the Tomsk Polytechnic University are considered
СОБЫТИЯ. ФАКТЫ
ISSN 2413-6042 (Online)