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Ecology and Industry of Russia

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Vol 20, No 4 (2016)
View or download the full issue PDF № 4 (2016) (Russian)

REGIONS

4-11 678
Abstract

There was developed the technique of eco-efficiency investments in environmental protection and rational use of the natural resources in the Russian regions: their role in air pollution reduction, water basin, solid waste generation across sectors and regions of Russia. There were described the features of economic crises in the industry and their role in the formation of environmental situation in Russia in the years 1990 – 2014. There was conducted comparative analysis of industrial output, investments and environmental pollution in the years 2005 – 2014 in the sectorial and regional perspectives.

ENGINEERING SOLUTIONS

12-15 868
Abstract

There were considered the issues of rare earth metals’ extraction from coal ash in form of solvents with its subsequent preliminary concentrating by means of biofiltration. Wherein as the collecting agent was used surplus activated sludge, which is generated at biological treatment plants. There was showed that activated sludge age virtually has no effect on rare earth metals sorption, which was used as scandium, lanthanum and yttrium. However amount of activated sludge has a significant impact on the efficiency of rare earth metals sorption, wherein the greatest effect is revealed at extraction of scandium and relatively weak influence is marked in case of lanthanum and yttrium. There was described package technology of rare earth metals’ leaching, in particular scandium, lanthanum and yttrium from waste piles of Moscow lignite basin and bottom ash wastes of utility companies in Russian Federation, which includes following stages: preparation of bottom ash wastes, chemical leaching, bacterial added leaching, bioflotation, ion exchange and subsequent sludge thickening. There was discussed in detail the issue of bioflotation stage.

16-21 802
Abstract

There were presented characteristics of depleted ballast quarries in the Krasnoyarsk Kray and Irkutsk Oblast territory on the base of remote sensing’s results. All quarries were divided into three groups according to geometric form in plot plan and number of quarry’s edge. During the remote sensing were identified the allotments of quarries, which was the formation of local forest ecosystems. There was proposed a set of technical measures for improve of the environmental efficiency of natural forest regeneration in the depleted quarries’ territory.

SCIENTIFIC DEVELOPMENTS

22-27 700
Abstract

At present, there are many facilities for storage of large-capacity of solid municipal and industrial waste. Similar facilities tear away large areas from the economic turnover. Degradation of environmental situation, Requirement toughening of environmental legislation, as well as reversing approaches to the use of raw materials on the base of waste is determined the need of technology development for its recovery. There was offered the main principles of large-capacity waste treatment by means of manufacturing of reclamation materials for restoration of impaired geologic environment.

28-31 756
Abstract

There was proposed method of toxic water soluble substances with low concentrations from very large volume of water using suspended ultradisperse magnetocontrollable sorbents. Suspension of particles of magnetocontrollable sorbents mixed with contaminated water. Due to small size and density close to the density of water, the sorbent particles can be a longtime in the water column, carrying out absorption of pollution. Then sorbent particles with absorbed contaminant removed by magnetic or cyclone separation. For natural water bodies (rivers, lakes) magnetic separation seems preferable, since allows the sorbent to remove magnetic particles without removing the natural particles suspended in water (silt, plankton and other non-ferromagnetic impurities). There was proposed design of magnetic separators suitable for very much volume of water and how to use them. There were considered particles types of magnetocontrollable sorbent, applicable for this method. The most promising particles tested in model systems.

32-39 736
Abstract

There are presented results of field and laboratory studies on assessment of long-term emissions from landfill-sites of municipal solid waste. There was showed that term of achievement of pollutants’ acceptable concentrations in landfill leachate will be 15 – 25 years for chlorides, 95–105 years for COD and 110 – 140 years for ammonium ions. Reduction of methane potential of waste going to acceptable level for 30 years. Results of field studies in a number of landfill-sites of different ages (operated landfills and old dump sites) correlated with the results of laboratory studies.

40-45 715
Abstract

There were summarized three recent developments aimed at 1) ecological remediation of natural water bodies exposed to algal blooms, including blue-green algae, leading to pollution of water bodies by toxic cyanotoxins, 2) ensuring receipt of timely information on the sudden change in the quality of natural waters, arriving at drinking water treatment plant; 3) obtaining of toxicological substantiation transition disinfection of natural waters in drinking water treatment plants from the molecular chlorine to sodium hypochlorite aqueous solution

ANALYSIS. METHODS. PROGNOSIS

46-52 716
Abstract

There were considered general questions of the steel industry’s modern development. Special attention is paid to the mass production of steel in electric arc furnaces with advanced high temperature heating of the scrap metal and high temperature flue gas neutralization of persistent organic pollutants and soot. There were discussed development of core technologies and concrete achievements of the major energy and environmentally efficient metallurgical production. There were address the issues of factory generation of electricity and the use of low-grade heat.

53-56 807
Abstract

The authors pay special attention to the ideological aspects of Russia’s technological development. There was outlined disastrous consequences of the luck of prospects for the entire ideological socio-economic and socio-political systems of Russia. There were considered conditions for the establishment of en effective national ideological message. There was mentioned environmental problems of illiteracy decision makers, underestimation of the role of human factors in ensuring ecological safety at regional and municipal level for the technological development. There was considered problems of environmentally oriented education and future directions of its solution. There was indicated the central position of ideological and ethical aspects of environmentally oriented technological developments of Russia in the interests of the major national interests of Russia – defense capability and adequate standard of living of Russian population.

57-63 583
Abstract

There was presented the original concept of the mutual influence of the mind and the cosmos. There were considered three time scales, in comparison of which appears infantile nature of earth civilization. There were analyzed various positions related to the effects of the of the mind of the planet. There was showed that at the current level of development of science final conclusion would be rash. Nevertheless, you can divide the human activities according to their impact on different civilization. The proposed approach make at the possibilities of mankind, the prospects of mankind, the role of God and language.



ISSN 1816-0395 (Print)
ISSN 2413-6042 (Online)