The article shows the results of the research of selective non-catalytic reduction (SNCR) of nitrogen oxides (NO_x) in flue gases with the use of ammonia and urea thermal decomposition products (CO(NH₂)₂), as well as the results of industrial implementation of the non-catalytic treatment systems. A possibility to achieve 80 – 90 % efficiency of gas treatment in industrial applications at thermal generating units of various capacity and designation is demonstrated. The efficiency data for the gas treatment process implementation at process heaters in chemical, oil refining, incinerating and steam boilers is provided.

Microbiological and hydrogeological analysis of active sludge of biological treatment facilities of the enterprise for production of aromatic amines is performed. It is shown that traditional purification methods of industrial wastewater do not make it possible to attain the required purification quality of wastewater. It is proposed to improve the design of biological treatment facilities at enterprises of organic synthesis by means of their replacement for a new in principle complex of continuous biological purification of industrial wastewater developed at OJSC “NIPIEP” (Orenburg). The operating principle of proposed apparatuses for biological purification of wastewater is based on the methods of continuous cultivation of active sludge microorganisms both in anaerobic and aerobic conditions. Sectioning the process of biological purification and the use of microbubble aerators made of sintered titanium powder and biotechnologies with rapidly growing aboriginal microorganisms immobilized on an inert biological carrier makes it possible to attain almost complete aniline destruction.

Peculiarities of utilization of worn automobile tires are considered. A method of thermal processing and installation for its performance are developed based on industrial pyrolysis tests of automobile tires. The proposed installation with the application of two pyrolysis reactors operates in a cyclic mode. Pyrolysis products are liquid fuel, pyrocarbon (analog of technical carbon), metal cord, and pyrolysis gas. It is shown that low-temperature pyrolysis in the developed instrumental resolution operates in a low-waste mode.

The possibility of a wider use of bioplastics is discussed in connection with the appearing environmental situation and growing application rates of polymer materials. Scientific researches of most promising biodegradable polymers such as polylactide and poly-3-hydroxobutirate are presented and advantages and disadvantages of these polymers are mentioned. We can refer the method of their preparation from the renewable vegetable feedstock and ability to decompose to CO₂ and water to their advantages, while the cost of these polymers and absence of legislative framework relative to biopolymers are disadvantageous. Nevertheless, biopolymers should be introduced more actively into industry of Russia in connection with constantly worsening environmental situation and limited oil reserves.

The presented method of fabrication of rust-preventing greases from production wastes makes it possible to establish optimal conditions of their fabrication by varying the parameters and dosing the components. We studied anticorrosive properties of rust-preventing greases using the method of accelerated tests of samples in various media. The developed technology allows us to substantially lower the environmental damage due to varying the toxicity and refuse from the storage of these wastes at landfills as well as to return valuable wastes of galvanic and oil productions into the economic recycling.

An increase in efficiency of using the waste of mining, concentration, metallurgical, chemical, and power enterprises of the Ural region and Cis-Ural region is possible based on new manufacturing approaches. Directions to improve the waste processing technology are proposed. In particular, these are joint processing the various types of waste, which provides the efficient use of their toxic components for the mutual neutralization, increase in the reaction ability of waste, for example, the specific surface, by means of additional milling, and application of metallurgical technology for waste of adjacent productions. The experimental data of the verification of processing methods of anthropogenic waste, which make it possible to increase the efficiency of technology, are presented. The attainment of the additional technical effect from their use is confirmed.

A variant of the wastewater purification intensification associated with the biological purification based on active sludge functioning is considered and approved. To find the compounds intensifying the operation of biological treatment facilities, a series of (oxymethyl)phosphonic acid salts is synthesized. Their chemical properties are investigated and action efficiency of prepared compounds on the active sludge biocenosis is studied.

The possibility of applying the secondary cellulose-containing feedstock resource of buckwheat production, notably its husk, as sorbents for collection of oil and oil products is shown. In order to increase the ready product yield, develop the porosity, and improve sorption characteristics of buckwheat husk, the methods for its physical and chemical modification are proposed. The influence of modification regimes on parameters of the porous structure and sorption ability of developed materials in regards to various types of oil products is investigated. It is established when studying the possibility of using the prepared material to collect oil products from the water surface that the sorption ability increases from 4.0 to 6.3 g/g in regards to oil and from 3.8 to 5.2 g/g in regards to used engine oil as the thickness of the oil product layer increases from 1 to 15 mm. The developed sorbent saturated with oil or used engine oil retains the floatability for more than 20 days. The application of the buckwheat husk as a sorbent makes it possible not only to liquidate contaminations both on the water and soil surface but to solve the utilization problems of agricultural production waste as well.

Incineration and landfill of solid domestic waste (SDW) are compared from the viewpoint of heir effect on the environment. This comparison is considered as the example of the environmental impact assessment (EIA) of a new technology. The EIA envelopes the territory of Moscow and Moscow oblast and includes the effect on air including the transportation, surface waters, soil waters, waste removal, and economy. In the article procedures of the Ministry of Nature, information on IN-50 incinerators, incineration plant no. 3 (Moscow), Pyatigorsk incineration plant and best available technologies of the European Union were used. Our analysis showed that no information necessary for objective conclusions, firstly the data on landfill gas and content of incomplete combustion products in furnace gas, is contained in generally accessible sources.

The change of the meteorological air pollution potential MAPP (analog of the APP) is performed over 196 weather stations of West Siberia in the period from 1986 to 2010 - the climate-warming period - is analyzed. It is revealed that the meteorological conditions for impurity scattering in the bottom air layer changed to worse side almost overall the region territory because of an increase in repeatability of weak winds of 0–1 m/s with a simultaneous decrease in repeatability of winds ≥6 m/s. Two causes of this phenomenon are put forward, notably, climate warming and partial overgrowth of weather observation sites. The interrelation of MACP trends with ACP₄ trends, which confirms the fact of increasing the air pollution in region cities upon worsening the meteorological conditions, is found. The hypothesis is put forward that a similar phenomenon can also occur on other territories of the Russian Federation, which should be taken into account when planning and placing the productive assets of the country.

The analysis of the market showed that the demand to ionites in Russia rises annually and constitutes about 20 000 t/yr. Currently, the demand to polymer composites possessing the functional, particularly ion-exchange properties, is satisfied at the Russian market due to the import production by 80%, which causes the necessity to develop highly efficient domestic polymer ionites. A new highly efficient cationite based on the modified phenol formaldehyde matrix and thermally treated and microwave-treated basalt fiber is developed. This cationite can be recommended for using in water conditioning for systems of technical water supply as well as to purify the caprolactam-containing wastewater of PA-6 production when using the two-stage purification system.

The snow cover of urbanized territory is investigated in the winter period for the content of main pollutants, and exceeding of the background concentration is observed over all ingredients under study. Pollution focuses of the snow cover of the city by definite substances are revealed by the results of the investigation. It is established that the distribution of contaminants over the city territory is affected by physiographical characteristics of area and meteorological characteristics of scattering of contaminants. The experimental data indicate that considerable amount of harmful impurities enters the snow cover from atmosphere and can be further washed out into the soil and underground waters. It is determined in the course of investigations that it is reasonable to use the data on the pollution of the snow cover of the territory under study as the mean to monitor the effects of anthropogenic sources to environment.