New designs of hydraulic filters, installations, and facilities for the purification and sanitation of industrial sewage against oily contaminations and other impurities,
which are proposed in scientific-and-technical and patent literature, are considered. Main tendencies in the development of constructions of hydraulic filters,
installations, and devices for the purification and sanitation of sewage are shown.

The experimental data on leaching rare-earth metals from coal ash; which point to the necessity of complex processing of coal ash including the treatment of milled
ash wastes by the solution of mineral acid, for example, sulfuric acid, and additional treatment of these wastes by a cultural liquid, which contains thionic bacteria
and main elements of the nutrient medium for their cultivation; are presented. This method provides a rather complete recovery of rare-earth metals from coal ash.
These experimental data served as a basis for the development of complex recovery technology of rare-earth metals from coal ash including both chemical and
biological treatment.

A problem of complex electronic scrap processing is considered. To assort nonferrous metals, the electrodynamic separation based on the interaction of the magnetic
field with eddy currents induced by this field in conducting particles is most efficient. A pilot sample of the electrodynamic separator based on the linear
induction machine is described shortly. The results of the investigation of the separator for recovery of aluminum alloys from a multicomponent electronic scrap
are presented. Special attention is paid to the selection of manufacturing efficiency indices of electrodynamic separation. A mathematical model and engineering
procedure for calculating efficiency indices are presented. A comparative evaluation of theoretical and experimental data is given. The possibility to calculate the
efficiency indices is confirmed.

The application of the mineral-matrix technology for drilling waste processing makes it possible to produce the building material based on them-the anthropogenic
reinforced ground. Physicomechanical and environmental characteristics of this material and separate aspects of its application are analyzed. This technology is
able to provide the reduction to a minimum of the migration ability of ecotoxicants, which is accompanied by the formation of the equilibrium and long-term structure
effectively preventing pollutant leaching. The data of laboratory investigations of specific activity of natural and anthropogenic radionuclides, the quantitative
composition of mobile forms, and indices of acute toxicity in aqueous extracts of anthropogenic reinforced ground samples do not exceed the indices of hygienic
norms and correspond to sanitary-and-epidemiological requirements acting at the territory of the Russian Federation.

A structural diagram of six-chain recycling system of industrial wastes is developed: "wastes – processing methods – innovation technologies – effective equipment
– processing product – consumer properties" and main criteria of each element of the system, which provide a high degree (depth) of waste processing
based on highly efficient production processes and flexible manufacturing lines, are developed. Validity of conceptual bases of the discussed recycling system is
shown by the example of joint processing the wastes of various industrial productions.

When producing large-tonnage monomer epichlorhydrin, organochlorine wastes enriched either by 1,2,3-trichloropropane or epichlorhydrin are formed. Solid sulfur-
containing sorbents are obtained by the polycondensation of wastes of various compositions with sodium polysulfide in the presence of polycondensation centers
such as petcoke particles. The sorption activity with respect to cations of toxic heavy metals is investigated for synthesized sorbents (Zn up to 88 mg/g, Hg
up to 156 mg/g, Pb to 169 mg/g, Ni to 217 mg/g, and Co to 211 mg/g). The influence of the metal nature on its recovery from model solutions by fabricated sorbents
is considered from the viewpoint of the theory of strong and soft acids and bases. The higher sorption capacity compared with purely sulfur-containing sorbents
is mentioned for lead, nickel, and cobalt ions due to -OH groups, which are present in the sorbent when epichlorhydrin participates in polycondensation.
The formation of coordination bonds with the participation of sulfur and oxygen atoms facilitates the recovery of metals of intermediate "rigidity".

The method of mechanochemical activation of the cindery remains from burning of a fir-tree precipitation of stations of aeration for receiving the final product with
the improved characteristics is approved. Researches on processing of an inorganic component of a precipitation of the Central station of aeration of St.
Petersburg for receiving construction materials by a usual method and a method of mechanochemical activation are executed. It is shown that the method of
mechanochemical activation promotes improvement of strength characteristics of the received samples of materials for 15% in comparison with similar roasting
samples. The offered technology is recommended for development of system of resource-saving and reduction of the production wastes which are subject to utilization.
It is proved that use of the evils of a fir-tree precipitation in production of construction and ceramic construction materials with high-strength characteristics
(a cement stone, expanded clay, asphalt concrete, a brick, wall stones, etc.) is effective way of preservation of harmful elements from environment without
possibility of their leaching.

One of the most important problems of water management is the variation in the chemical composition of surface sources of drinking water under the influence of
various natural factors. Cyanotoxins, which are formed in basins due to the rapid utilization of inorganic nitrogen ammonium cations, nitrate and nitrite anions by
blue-green algae (ammonium cations, nitrate and nitrite anions), cause the special attention among organic toxicants. The correction of algocenosis of these
basins by plankton strains of Chlorella vulgaris IFR №С-111 green microalga is an innovation approach, which makes it possible to considerably decrease the contamination
level of basins by microtoxins. Our results obtained in 2013-2014 during the ecologic rehabilitation of medium natural basins contaminated by cyanotoxins
demonstrated the improvement of chemical, biological, and organoleptic properties of water, which allows us to recommend this technology to prevent the
contamination of natural basins with cyanotoxins. These basins can be further used as the sources for preparing drinking water as well as for fish farming and
recreation purposes.

The possibility of using the sorbent obtained based on elastic and semielastic polyurethane foam and polysterene foam wastes as the oil-absorbing material is
investigated. To fabricate the sorbent, we selected open-porosity polyurethane foam as the base in view of the fact that the waste filler of polysterene foam has
closed pores and is not good sorbent. We also used 10-% by weight filling with polysterene foam in a form of crumb with fractions of 2 – 3 and 4 – 5 mm. We evaluated
the oil capacity of the sorbent depending on the crumb size. Due to the presence of closed-porosity polysterene foam in the structure of the sorbent, it possesses
high floatability and high sorption rate of ~15 min. The use of the prepared sorbent makes it possible to solve simultaneously two environmental problemsthe
liquidation of spills of oil products and utilization of wastes of the foam polysterene packing material.

This article represents a new processing method of sewage precipitates in order to resolve the problem of accumulation and repeated use of precipitates. The
method is based on the use of microwave electromagnetic radiation for improving the properties of precipitates. Investigations on the influence of microwave electromagnetic
radiation on the treatment and neutralization processes of sewage precipitates are presented. The results of these experiments showed that the
microwave electromagnetic radiation makes it possible to improve the dehydration ability of precipitates, reduce the humidity, increase the densification rate of
precipitates, decrease the contents of heavy metals, and provide the disinfection. A "Potok EM-1" experimental installation for electromagnetic processing of
sewage-water precipitates is described.

Solid domestic waste (SDW) polygons as nature saving buildings are considered and their negative influence on the surrounding medium is shown. Main properties
of accompanying production products of vanadium pentoxide by the hydrometallurgical method-the lime-gypsum composition and their correspondence to
main demands made to materials for isolation of the layers of the SDW polygon-are investigated. It is shown that the lime-gypsum composition in limited amounts
can be used in the production ground composition for the insulation of the layers of the SDW polygon.

Existing prediction methods of environmental consequences in territories of mining leases of liquidated mines require the deeper scientific substantiation for the
implementation of effective algorithms of environmental monitoring. Therefore, investigations devoted to monitoring of environmental consequences of closing
the mines of the Kuznetsk basin are urgent. The goal of studies was to refine the regularities of aerogasdynamic and thermal processes, the effect of which on the
environment is caused by the liquidation of mines, in order to improve the environmental monitoring system in spent territories of the Kuznetsk basin. A procedure
for the prognostic evaluation of the influence of methane liberation from spent spaces of liquidated mines to the Earth surface is substantiated. The dynamics of
characteristics affecting the environmental safety is evaluated based on computational experiments and situation analysis. The evaluative procedure of self-heating
of coal accumulations on the surface of rock dumps is proposed. Heat liberations are modeled by the source with the power spatially varying according to the
exponential law

The results of the investigation into sleetproof reagents of various chemical compositions applied in St. Petersburg in 2008 – 2013 are presented. The influence of
these reagents on the most important components of the environment, particularly on higher plants and soil microorganisms, are investigated. In this study, sleetproof
reagents were compared with technical salt traditionally used in St. Petersburg using various biotests and experiments. Reagents less harmful for the environment
are revealed by the results of the study and admissible doses of their application on city streets are refined. The possible directions for producers fabricating
new sleetproof compositions, which wood satisfy the purposes of melting snow and ice as well as the environmental safety more completely.