There were considered the new designs of hydraulic filters and devices with improved characteristics for purification and decontamination of industrial sewage from heavy metals, offered in science and research and patent literature of developed countries. There were showed the main trends for development of designs of hydraulic filters and devices for treatment and decontamination of wastewaters.

There was offered pulse-powdered technique of different fire extinguishing with higher complexity. Blowing of powder in burning area carrying out by generator with special charge of solid fuel or by explosive charge. There were considered approaches, which used for extinguishment of aviation engines, which operating as part of gas compressor units, as well as for wild fire extinguishing, fires on stockpiles and storage bases of weapons.

There was developed system of recovery in respect to enterprises of fuel & energy complex (FEC) waste with receiving of composite reclamation materials. There were reported investigations results of main stages of composites manufacturing: dehydration, mixing and consolidation. There were considered different directions of reclamation materials application as substitute of structural soil. Offered system allows decrease costs of ground works at the expense use of reclamation composites instead of imported earth, as well as decrease costs, related with waste disposal and storage unit’s maintenance. Technology of layering shielding with use of composite on the base of FEC waste was used for preparation of territories, disturbed by target dismantling of idle structures and installations of enterprises of Samara Oblast. Economic benefits of developed techniques is achieving by virtue of decreasing of required volumes of natural soil and return of reclaimed territories in economic use.

There was showed a receiving possibility of magnetic-susceptible porous sorbents from different wood waste (sawdust from birch and asp, as well as redwood bark), modified by chlorides of iron and zinc. There was showed, that change of structure and properties of sorbents depends to a greater extent on nature and content of modifying agent, than on nature of timber. There were studied sorption properties of these sorbents. There was stated, that optimal characteristics on oil capacity and water adsorption have sorbents, received from sawdust of birch and asp, modified by 15 mass. % of FeCl3. There was showed, that negligible content of magnetite and synthesized samples ensured magnetic susceptibility of all sorbing material and effective collection of oil from water surface with the aid of magnet.

Within the territory of Siberia’s coal mining regions, commencing with 1950th is massively dumped coal rock heaps during open-pit coal mining. So far there were established quite considerable environmental challenges with generation vegetable ecosystems within the territory waste heaps of overburden rocks. During steps of multiannual field surveying was established that waste heaps are fall under the influence of water erosion that leads to formation of abundant ravines. On the stage of dumping of overburden rock in body of heap there are packed coal rock heaps, which during its subtraction by water flow begin self-ignite upon contact with open air. There were uncovered sectors on the surface of waste heaps of opencast within the territory of Kansk-Achinsk coal basin, in which is revealed the most massively impact of water erosion on generation of relief of reclaimed mining landscape.

There were presented the simulation grounds of ravines’ stages of development on waste heaps during open-pit coal mining within the territory of Central Siberia. There was established that on ideally designed horizontal surfaces of heap, reclaimed accordingly with State standards, in the spring time congregated large volumes of thawing water. On the waste heaps, piled by non coherent subsurface rocks, in places with the most settled horizontal surface of heap begins cascaded terrace outlet on the sites with more low altitude, whereby there is formed start gutting, evolved in time in ravine. Generation of ravines is the process in virtually unceasing and undermanaged. Under the influence of water erosion volume of ravine, as a rule, increased, herewith decreased area of reclaimed mining landscapes. During heaps destruction there is need repair, providing for substantive financial costs. Consequently, there is underpinned need of State standards revise for designing of work on mine reclamation of disturbed lands during open-pit mining.

So far was accumulated substantial experience in the field of waste heaps in Central Siberia. There was briefly described contemporary state of technologies of waste heaps’ dumping during open-pit coal mining, made analysis of consequences of waste heaps’ forming and application of mine land reclamation’s technologies, which were designed accordingly with State standards. During field surveying there was revealed that losses of reach soil layer attained 80% and more. Ideally designed surfaces of heaps are not promotes to vegetable ecosystems development. Relief of heaps is deteriorated under impact of water erosion. There was established that under developed technologies of waste heaps forming losses of pedologic envelope practically decreased to zero. There was offered forming relief of heaps’ surface as a kind of minor fold without levelling by bulldozer. In the design of heaps there should be envisaged terraces with height more than 5-7 meters with deposition on its surfaces soil layer, formatting by stripper shovel during development of upper overburden bench.

There was studied specie composition and structure of micromycetes complex of growth substrates, used for lawn grasses cultivation. There was stated, that application of substrates on the base of organic waste for generation of lawn cover shows species diversity of soil microfungus.  Herewith  there is decreasesabundance and frequency encountered phytopathogenic micromycetes  and increases abundance of species of genusTrichoderma. There was draw conclusion, that compost, prepared on the base wastewater sludge positively influences on soil microflora, as well as on growth and development meadow fescue grass, There was distinguished more high production capacity of meadow fescue grass during use of substrate from organic waste in comparison with peat. Results of investigations have practical importance under use of unconventional organic amendment for the purposes of reclamation of degraded soil of urbanized lands.

There were investigated physicochemical properties of natural clays from deposits Cateti and Catoca (Angola) and possibilities of its applications in the processes of water purification. As a result of carrying out experiments was stated, that purification efficiency of standardized solutions with ions Ni2+ and  Cu2+ at the same flow of clay with increase of touch time from 10 to 40 min increased from 44 to 85%. Because beginning from touch time 10 min increment of purification efficiency takes place slowly, there is reasonable terminate process of touch of clay with standardized solution after 40 min. At further increase touch time take places a little increasing of purification level.

For comparison of alternative schemes of waste management and selection of optimal solution for concrete region, taking into account of quantitative defined economic and environmental consequences there is need use of mathematical analytical models, which are based on economic, environmental and integral approaches. Authors developed integrated (complex) model, considering life cycle of waste, management hierarchy and multi-purpose genetic algorithm as method of management. Given model includes different options of waste treatment at the each stage of life cycle: collection, transportation, sorting, transferring, treatment, composting, and incineration, disposal with recovery energy and without of its. Model was realized as software solution  MS Excel, available for general user, and that is allows to manager, investors and environmental monitoring agencies swiftly assess interesting for them final figures, compare existing and planned schemes of waste treatment, select optimal scheme and assess its quantitative, economic, energetic and environmental parameters. The article is designed for regional and local authorities, environmental monitoring agencies and investors in the field of SMW treatment.

There was developed programme for measurement of tree-ring width, which works with image in any resolution dpi (dots per inch), received with aid of frame grabber (flat-bed scanner, digital camera etc). For accuracy test of programme (measurement received results were compared with LINTAB readings, preliminary tested in laboratory. Tests were not elicited deviations in the measurements. Also, tree-ring chronology data are well correlated with Scandinavian master-chronology. From more than hundred collected by us on Kolsky Peninsula we could obtain 676 years tree-ring chronology of juniper. This series was the longest series of juniper in Russia. Also was obtained the most long (448 years) tree-ring chronology on pine for Khibiny Mountains, and on pine (561 years) for Kolsky Peninsula.

One from priority directions of regional pedology for the south of Russian Far East becomes study of scaling and negative on its impacts technogenesis on environment, connected with the operation of CHPs. There was made comparative characteristics of toxic industries’ properties of Khabarovsk CHP-3 and Vladivostok CHP-3, influencing on soil cover state. There were offered results of investigation. There was stated, that toxic industries Khabarovsk CHP-3 and Vladivostok CHP-3 have negative influence on the state of soil cover, which connected with accumulation and heavy metals removal. For improving of environmental situation was offered application of dust suppression, as well as monitoring of ash dump with the purpose prevention of extremal situation of its breaking.

There was explored ability of oil oxidizing microorganisms to immobilization on modified fibrous material. There was checked its ability to hold on fiber of culture cells after long period of everyday washing by tap water of material sample. There was specified that in spite of high ability of some strains’ cells to adhesion on filtering materials, applied usage of samples after that impossible because of acquitted by them fragility and opacity. The most applicable variant for filters of undertakings’ waste treatment facilities could be sample of basalt fiber, modified with cationic starch with concentration of 0,5 mg/sm2 with immobilized on its culture cells Rhodotorula sp. 51-18-2P BKM Y-2993D.

There was examined efficiency of water-soluble humic acids’ usage for detoxification of moving forms of heavy metals at concentration 0.03, 0.06, 0.18, 0.36 g/l in water solutions of its salts, desiccated by centrifuging to 75 per cents and by thermally to 53 per cents. There was showed that addition of water-soluble humic acids into salt solutions and wastewater sludges promotes binding of mobile forms of heavy metals (Hg, Pb, Cd, Cr, Zn). Herewith level of integral pollution of wastewater sludge, desiccated by centrifuging to 75 per cents of humidity, decreases  from “very high” to “low”, and desiccated by thermally to 53 per cents – from “high” to “middle”. Among heavy metals efficiency of its binding from wastewater sludges decreases in the range Cu > Pb > Cd > Cr > zn.