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Ecology and Industry of Russia

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No 8 (2013)
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Flotation treatment of CHP’s coal ash during processes of microbial leaching from itrare earth metals

4-8 702
Abstract
There was examined flotation method of ashes and slags materials’ treatment from power plants. There was proposed distinctive method for ash and slag waste’s preparation before their subsequent treatment by means of biological leaching. Principle of proposed method is following. Ash wastes that generated during the coal burning are mixed with obtaining of fine suspension, in which carbon-bearing reagent is added. Flotation treatment of water suspension is carrying out at mechanical flotation machine with flotation time 15-18 min and air flow 0, 7-0, 8 m3/min. Flotation tail in the form of cleaned ash suspension enters for separation in open hydro cyclone. In doing so thickened product in the form of ashen product with moisture about 85-90 per cents diverts at special storage yard, and drainage from hydro cyclone is treated by cation-active flocculate, for example “Praestol” type, and afterwards directs to cleaning and pressure flotation plant. There were positive results obtained with improved efficiency of rare earth metals extraction by means of biological leaching.
9-12 391
Abstract
There was examined bacterial leaching method of rare earth and precious metals from ashes and slags waste of power plants as well as presented plant lay-out for method implementation. There was presented description for ashes and slags preparation to biological leaching, process of preparation and accumulation of bacterial biomass as well as described operation and arrangement of laboratory setup for rare earth and precious metals biological leaching from ash dumps of CHPs. Field experiments demonstratedthat proposed method produced positive effect of increased extraction for rare earth metals.
13-15 478
Abstract

There were presented results of mineral and chemical composition of ash and slag waste study from Aleksin CHP (Tula Region). There was proposed scheme of ash and slag waste treatment for the purpose of separation of particles not contained rare earth metals (REM) as well as contained REM, for increase of recovered elements in ashes. For preliminary concentrating of valuable elements in ashes and slags, as experimental studies shows, we should carry out treatment of ashes and slags on concentrating table with subsequent magnetic or electromagnetic separation. Preparation of ashes and slugs under a proposed technique allows substantially increase recovery of precious and rare earth metals from ashes and slugs on the average by 10-25 % as well as decrease volume of treated semi-products, and hence, increase productivity of plant for bacterial leaching of metals.

SCIENTIFIC DEVELOPMENTS

16-21 592
Abstract

Research Institute of Comprehensive Exploitation of Mineral Resources (IPKON) Russian Academy of Sciences, LLC "Ural Mining and Metallurgical Company-Holding" and Magnitogorsk State Technical University were developed innovative technologies for treatment of mill tailings, slags, gas treatment residues, man-made metal-containing waters. There were described positive examples of projects implementation for usage of man-made mineral objects in LLC "UMMC-Holding" – slag of converter steelmaking on beneficiating plant of JSC "Middle Ural Copper Plant", dusts and clinker under conditions of JSC "Uralelectromed" branch, "Non-ferrous alloys production" (Verkh-Nevinsky), poor auriferous ores – waste of copper-zinc ores production of Bashkiria and Orenburg Region mining enterprises, aged pyrites cinders from "Polymetal production" (South Urals) branch, oxide-bearing copper ores on Volkovsky mine of JSC "Svyatogor". There was described scientific rationale of technology solutions on reextraction of gold from man-
made mineral formation, tailings dumps of gold benefication plants, selective disintegration with subsequent flotation of copper slags under conditions of Alexandrinsky Benefication Plant (South Urals), on dezincing of iron-bearing blast-furnace slags with application of reverse flotation of copper slags under conditions separation in the frame of industrial recycling of JSC "Magnitogorsk Metallurgical Kombinat".

22-26 413
Abstract

There was examined the issue of fine drip aerosols emission control during plastic products manufacturing. The study was carrying out on the basis of turbulent diffusion and turbulent migration of particles theory. There were analyzed possible methods of increasing the efficiency of devices for aerosols separation and reduce the overall dimension of control devices. There were identified parameters that defining advancement of tubular device for cleaning of vent emissions from drip aerosols.

ANALYSIS. METHODS. PROGNOSIS

27-33 340
Abstract

There were considered aspects of water and water supply privatization, public-private partnership in water supply, payments for water use, water and human rights. There are outlined principles and regulatory requirements to privatization.

34-39 628
Abstract

There was considered trend data of environmental performances for 2007-2012 in the field of water use, air emissions, production and consumption waste generation and recovery. On the base of State statistical reporting, it was identified that in the field of water use observes trend of reduce of water abstraction from natural sources for production needs and reduce of discharge in surface water bodies. For monitoring of water bodies state in the area of enterprises JSC "ALROSA" activities carrying oout operational environmental monitoring of surface waters' hydrochemical composition. Among the gaseous and liquid substances discharged in air predominantly by mining and benefication plants and heating enterprises, in order of importance are carbon monoxide, nitrogen oxides, volatile organic compounds (VOC), hydrocarbons and other gaseous and liquid substances. For the purpose of air condition's monitoring, Company developed and implemented different air protection measures, preventing and reducing level of impact on ambient air. Company holds activities, directed on increase of recovery and sanitation of main production waste. The hazardous wastes are decontaminated by efforts of Company's enterprises and specialized contractors.

40-46 746
Abstract

There was carried out analysis of concentration in air hydrocarbons, nitrogen oxides, carbon monoxide, Sulphur dioxide, phenol, formaldehyde and other ecotoxicants. There was determined that ambient air's pollution level in Tobolsk-City is low: integrated index of aerial contamination for the two last years not exceeds two. There was carried out sample collection of snow accordant with GOST 17.1.5.05-85 in settlement zone of Tobolsk-City within the territory of wildlife reserve of regional significance "Abalakskij natural-historic complex" and sanitary protection zone of Tobolsk industrial site's enterprises. Snow covering on study areas differed by pH value, which was in range of 4,85 – 5,65. Reaction of snow melt was weal acid practically on all sample area. Dispersion of indicators of snow covering mineralization was more prominent: from 0,11 g/l to 0,4 – 0,44 g/l. According obtained data, concentration of heavy metal, presented in dissolved form, was small, but fluctuated in sufficient wide range (high dispersion): cadmium – from 0,00009 to 0,0001 mg/l; lead – from 0,0001
to 0,001 mg/l; nickel – from 0,0001 to 0, and by index of systemic toxicity of snow melt, defined by means of biotesting method on radish seeds and sprouts of garden cress. There was defined that snow melt from all considered sample areas didn't inhibition action on roots elongation and stem of sprouts of garden cress. At determining of total level of man-made impact was gain a good reputation assessment of fluctuating asymmetry of bilateral organisms. There was identified that on sample areas, laid downed on the territory of "Abalakskij natural-historic complex" observed the next conformity: with distance from population center indexes of eafs' asymmetry reduced from 0,061 to 0,04. There were studied cuts of needle from common pine on experimental sited.

47-48 403
Abstract
In an emergency of oil pipe is arising danger of underground and surface waters’ pollution in consequence of petroleum product entry into aquifers, rivers and water reservoirs. Number of emergencies accounts for on the events of blow-out pipe joints during disturbance of oil pipe’s reference position, because of floating up of pipeline part, bottom of trench’s up warp etc. Qualitative preliminary desaturation of future pipeline route and route roads could be the one of factors decreasing probability of pipeline failure when in operation. For that and, likely, could be use peat industry’s experience, where developed technology of highly watered swamps drainage, allowing at tight schedule secure gradual settlement of route surface and contraction of high layers up to bearing capacity, sufficient for unconstrained translation of mechanisms and succeeding quality workmanship for immediate pipe laying.
49-52 835
Abstract
By 2015 energy production, generated by human community on the ground of renewable sources, make about 10%. Black Sea is unique basin, containing significant quantity of hydrogen sulphide, which could be raw materials for hydrogen production, ecologically clean source of energy. There are considered particularities of hydrogen sulphide producing in Black Sea, its distribution at sea water thickness as well as energy and environmental issues, associated with hydrogen sulphide emitting from water of Black Sea for further processing into hydrogen.
53-56 430
Abstract
There were considered the most common ecological ratings in global economic policy of inter-country relations. There was noted almost 30 years story of Simon Kuzntets’ bell-shaped curve alignment with consolidation of civil society in the green issues and sustainable development and it use termination as criteria foundation of ecological unanimity. Special focus was give on big work, connected with use of regions Russia’s ranking by ecological and economic index (model of World Bank) of adjusted net savings as commonly approved in 200 countries. There was assessed theoretical significance of regional rating of country. There was expressed necessity of correction for results comparison of executed work with other inter-country and trans-regional ratings, indices, social research and possibility of their use in inspection or predicted system of socioeconomic indices of regions in the frame of sustainable development model’s implementation. Results of assessment will be considered in the third part of article
57-60 567
Abstract
There was demonstrated negative role of heat power engineering facilities in environment pollution and prospects of reducing of noxious emissions in ambient air from coal CHP. In relation to CHP, located on the territory of industrially developed of North-West region, taking into account information on ambient air emissions from power plant on Pechora coal under it burning and gasification. There were described data on radioactive elements content in fly ash and methods of it reduction.


ISSN 1816-0395 (Print)
ISSN 2413-6042 (Online)