The processes of carbon dioxide sequestration at obtaining various inorganic carbonate materials, including with the use of biotechnologies, and formation of organic polymers and monomers for them from CO₂ are considered. It is revealed that in the case of inorganic materials the use of slags and sludges containing a large amount of metal oxides from various industries looks the most appropriate, and in the case of materials based on organic polymers the technologies based on polycarbonates, as well as polycarbonate-containing polyols and phosgene-free isocyanates for polyurethanes are preferable. New promising methods under active development but not yet industrially applied, such as electrochemical reduction of carbon dioxide and its condensation with butadiene, are analyzed.

The influence of a pulsed electromagnetic field (PEMF) with a pulse repetition rate of 16 Hz and a magnetic induction of no more than 500 nT on the solubility of oxygen in water and on wastewater treatment in two operating treatment plants was studied. It has been shown that treating wastewater with these pulses increases the maximum solubility of oxygen in water approximately by 30%, from 5.1 mg/dm³ to 6.8 mg/dm³ and accelerates all wastewater treatment processes by 10–20% and thereby creates a productivity reserve of the wastewater treatment plants. It was concluded that when operating blowers controlled by oxygen sensors, which turn on at an oxygen concentration of about 2 mg/dm³ and turn off at 4 mg/dm³, water PEMF treatment in the aeration tank leads to a reduction in the operating time of the blowers and, accordingly, energy savings by 15–28 %.

Assessment of the aerotechnogenic impact of the Arkhangelsk Pulp and Paper Mill on the environment was carried out. It is based on an analysis of the functional stability of representative bioindicator objects according to a set of biochemical parameters: enzymatic activity, content of phenolic compounds and ascorbic acid. The urbanized territory was mapped according to the degree of influence of the APPM on the components of forest ecosystems in accordance with the tendency of accumulation of sulfur compounds as marker pollutants of emissions of Pulp and Paper Mills. By the correlation analysis, it was shown that changes in the biochemical parameters of bioindicator objects are the manifestation of adaptive responses to the multifactorial effects of anthropogenic, technogenic and climatic impacts.

The results of research aimed at developing a method for using serpentine-containing mining waste as silicon ameliorants are presented. The effect of introducing the initial and thermally activated serpentine mineral lizardite and silica gel into peat soil on the chemical composition of plants was studied. The effectiveness of materials as a source of silicon for plants was determined. It was concluded that serpentines affect soil processes in a similar way to traditional silicon preparations, which makes it possible to utilize serpentine-containing mining waste as silicon ameliorants.

An analysis of the structure of forest and agro-industrial waste, solid municipal waste in the federal districts and Russia as a whole is presented. The volume and composition of waste is determined by the economic activity and specific characteristics of federal districts. It was noted that pelletizing is an effective technology for the disposal of many types of waste, but the great heterogeneity of feedstock and granulation methods prevent the production of high-quality pellets. The fuel component of pellet in the cost of thermal energy was evaluated, whichshowed that the most efficient in use – wood pellets, least efficient – pellets from solid municipal waste.

Approaches to the utilization of lithium-ion batteries using hydrometallurgical and pyrometallurgical recycling methods are described, their advantages and disadvantages are considered. The global nature of the problem associated with high growth rates of lithium-ion batteries market and underdeveloped infrastructure for their utilization, which leads to environmental pollution by toxic components of batteries, is outlined. It is concluded that the development of new technical solutions in this area should be carried out with a balance between economic efficiency and compliance with environmental standards.

The peculiarities of the dynamics of the volume and structure of emissions from manufacturing enterprises in Moscow in 1990–2023 have been revealed. It is noted that the economic process of deindustrialization in the 1990s–2000s has been replaced in recent years by a small reverse process of reindustrialization, with an increase in the diversity of sectoral structure, and a change in the role and internal structure of machine building and chemical industry. The decrease of manufacturing industry output was noticed, while pollution from large enterprises producing products necessary for the city was preserved; at the same time, the rates of decrease in specific pollution for these enterprises have slowed down in recent years. It is concluded that during periods of crisis and recession there is a faster change in industrial structure compared to the change in pollution structure, and that during the recovery phase the pollution structure changes faster, largely due to the fact that industries are expanded initially without adequate expansion of treatment systems.

The current international problem of reducing production and consumption of substances that deplete the ozone layer and compliance with the requirements of the Montreal Protocol is considered. Customs statistics of the Russian Federation on foreign trade in terms of imports and exports of ozone-depleting substances (including controlled substances of list F) for 2022 are analysed. The reporting of legal entities and individual entrepreneurs regarding the production and destruction of ozone-depleting substances (including controlled substances of list F) for 2022 was studied. It is shown that the Russian Federation complies with the requirements of the Montreal Protocol on substances that deplete the ozone layer and is systematically reducing the permissible annual consumption of ozone-depleting substances (including schedule F controlled substances).

The issues of assessing the environmental safety of packaging materials based on life cycle analysis are considered. The results of calculations of material environmental safety indices and product ecological risk indices are given. The ecological footprint at all stages of the life cycle of the investigated packaging materials is revealed and their comparative analysis is carried out. The obtained results allow to choose the packaging material with the smallest ecological footprint during its life cycle.

A geoecological assessment of fluorine contamination of environmental components in the zone of influence of an abandoned rare-metal mine in the Murmansk region was carried out. Samples were taken of loparite ore enrichment tailings, soils around the tailings pond and the Loparitovy, Alluaiv, Azimut creeks and the watercourse flowing through the mine after the mining impact. The content of water-soluble fluorine in the collected samples was determined. No exceedance of maximum permissible concentration (MPC) of fluorides in soil was found. Increased content of fluoride ions (up to 15 MPC) in water samples from the watercourse was recorded. It is concluded that the production facility closed more than 15 years ago has a negative impact on ecosystems.