The possible scale and degree of contamination of groundwater in the areas of sludge storage of alumina plants were estimated and patterns of changes in the composition of groundwater were established. The zone of intensive impact of the sludge storage on groundwater has been determined. A set of environmental measures has been developed, providing for the creation of a contouring anti-filtration curtain, pumping of contaminated groundwater by drainage wells, carbonation of sludge waters in order to reduce pH and transfer harmful impurities into insoluble compounds.

The technology has been proposed for purifying the salt wastewater from reverse osmosis units at TPP from sulfate and chloride ions using the adsorption method. The ash formed during the combustion of Kuznetsk coal was studied as an adsorption material. It is noted that adsorption purification technology can be implemented in static and dynamic modes. The technological characteristics of the ash formed after the combustion of Kuznetsk coal are given, its adsorption capacity with respect to sulfate and chloride ions is studied, and an adsorption isotherm on the model solutions is drawn. The assessment of the environmental damage prevented was performed.

The results of studies of the material composition of tailings from the feldspar production of JSC Vishnegorsk Mining and Processing Plant are presented, and the possibilities of their use as technogenic mineral raw materials are assessed. Size distribution, qualitative and quantitative analyzes of the chemical and mineral composition of the tailings were carried out using X-ray diffraction (XRD), X-ray fluorescence spectrometry (XRF), and inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry (ICP-MS). The possibility of involving the modern tailings in a repeated technological cycle has been noted, especially considering the exclusion of crushing and grinding of the original ore from the technological process. It has been found that the tailings dump has the potential for significant concentrations (mg/kg): niobium (up to 390), cerium (up to 64.1), tantalum (74.3), neodymium (up to 15.2), germanium (up to 11.7), hafnium (up to 11.5). It is recommended to study the lower horizons of the Vishnegorsky MPP tailings dump for the presence of zones of possible enrichment in these elements, which is proposed to be carried out before the start of the reclamation process of the waste disposal site.

The results of studies assessing the chemical composition of various sewage sludges generated at wastewater treatment plants are presented. The features of the enzyme-cavitation method of wastewater biological treatment are considered, and a comparative characteristic of the composition of sludge is given depending on the method of purification and treatment. The obtained sludges were tested using the proposed processing method, as an independent fertilizer and together with natural zeolite. It was found that adding sewage sludge and zeolite to the soil allowed to achieve the best results and increase the productivity of spring barley used as an experimental crop.

The morphometric characteristics of man-made particles of underwater welding have been studied, the main types of structure and elemental composition of nano- and micro-particles of underwater welding have been determined. For the first time, the process of propagation of the most typical particles in the marine environment was simulated at different current speeds with the determination of the zone of potential pollution.

The aspects of purification of discharged ballast water from non-indigenous species of microorganisms in ballast water by the ballast water management systems (BWMS) installed on ships are considered. As a method of water treatment, the technology chosen is to influence the microorganisms with gaseous ozone introduced into the flow of ballast water when it is received onto the ship. A design diagram for a prototype BWMS unit for treating the ballast water during intake and deballasting has been developed. The results of studies of the prototype on the inactivation of microorganisms in water of various salinities (0, 18 and 36‰) are presented and its effectiveness is shown. Biotesting methods were used to assess the toxicity of ozone-treated waters. Using organisms of three trophic levels, it was shown that water neutralized using this technology is not toxic and can be discharged into a receiving reservoir.

The results of a comparative study of the performance characteristics of wood-polymer composites based on recycled linear polyethylene (LLDPE) manufactured according to TU 38.32.33-001-44971101-2017 and high-density polyethylene (LDPE) grade 15303-003 produced by PJSC Kazanorgsintez are presented. It has been found that it is promising to use LLDPE to produce the wood-polymer composites, since its performance properties are comparable to LDPE, but at the same time it is significantly cheaper.

It has been found that the accumulation of heavy metals (HM) in environmental facilities of the Lipetsk industrial agglomeration varies significantly and may depend on the technological mode of the companies, the composition of aerosol fallout, soil properties, distance and direction from the emission plume, biological characteristics of plants and other factors. In the area where the Novolipetsk Iron and Steel Works (NLMK) is located, the excess levels of kerosene, gasoline and hydrocarbons in the atmospheric air were detected, as well as increased dust concentrations in the area of the Lipetsk Tractor Plant. At that, the concentrations of gaseous hazardous chemicals in the air of other areas of Lipetsk and agricultural lands at different distances and directions from NLMK did not exceed the established maximum values. The maximum content of HM was recorded in the upper layers of virgin undisturbed soils in the near zone of influence of industrial companies. It was noted that on arable soils the content of HM does not exceed the standard values, with the exception of a number of cases where the content of Fe, Cr, Ni in the grass stand exceeds the permissible level. It was concluded that the research carried out made it possible to identify the main patterns and factors influencing the pollution of environmental facilities, including components of agroecosystems.

The introduction of the "carbon tax" in cross-border operations worldwide and its imminent payment obligation for Russian exporting companies are being examined. A carbon farm is presented as a tool for reducing the carbon footprint. Three different methods for calculating the net benefits of carbon footprint reduction are evaluated, accompanied by formulas for formalizing the resulting economic impact. Sixteen typical dump sites are examined in relation to their economic net benefit and three promising locations are identified. The analysis findings may serve in formulating and executing an ESG strategy aligned with sustainable development in the business sector.

The methodology for calculating the content of ex-sulfates (sulfates of anthropogenic origin) in the ground layer of the atmosphere for the flat territory of the Altai Territory is substantiated. The assessment was made of the content of ex-sulfates in precipitation falling on the territory of the city of Barnaul, as well as the analysis of the percentage of ex-sulfates in the total volume of sulfates in the surface layer of the city’s atmosphere over the past eight years (2014–2022). A correlation analysis of the weighted average seasonal values of ex-SO₄^2– concentration in precipitation and air temperature was carried out. Their high negative correlation in the cold season of the year is shown. It was noted that no significant relationship was found for the warm period, which indicates a direct dependence of the concentration of ex-sulfates on the volume of coal combustion during the heating season.

The results of measurements of the content of radioactive elements in ore samples from the Tomtor integral rare metal deposit are considered with the aim of safe use of ore with rare earth elements as a modifier of the weld pool during the processes of manual arc welding and fusing. It was revealed using a semiconductor gamma spectrometer that a significantly larger proportion of ionizing radiation activity is represented by the thorium-232 family. It is noted that natural concentrate is added to the composition of welding materials in very small quantities, and during welding operations in the room next to the welder, the values of the exposure dose rate will correspond to the initial radiation background in the room, therefore, both the welder and those people who will be in contact with the welded materials will not receive additional radiation dose to the natural background. It was concluded that the process of manufacturing the welding materials, welding, fusing and the use of welded structures are completely safe in terms of radiation.