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Ecology and Industry of Russia

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Vol 27, No 4 (2023)
View or download the full issue PDF № 4 (2023) (Russian)

WORKS ECONOMY

4-9 240
Abstract

A method of recycling collagen–containing waste – kamus (skin from the lower leg of animals), formed when separating the skin from the carcass of an animal (horse, cattle), based on its secondary use for sewing fur winter shoes by processing in a new way, is considered. It is concluded that developed environmentally friendly technology for the recycling of collagen-containing waste to transfer the skin from horse skins from the category of solid waste to the category of fur raw materials, to increase the forming properties of the skin by improving the physical and mechanical properties of the leather tissue, exclude wastewater from tanning and fatliquoring, containing toxic chromium compounds.

10-16 333
Abstract

The study performed on the supercritical aqueous oxidation of organic compounds in the water runoff of Nizhnekamskneftekhim PJSC, which was formed at the stage of epoxidation of propylene with ethylbenzene hydroperoxide during the joint production of propylene and styrene oxide, as well as run-off at PJSC "Kazanorginsez", when obtaining phenol and acetone from "Bisphenol-A" plant. The article studies a continuous operation mode on a flow reactor with induction heating (the drain from PJSC "Nizhnekamneftekhim") and periodic on coming from PJSC "Kazanorginsez". It was identified that close to complete oxidation in the presence of heterogeneous catalysts was achieved in a continuous mode at a temperature of 823 K and an excess of oxygen equal to 4.

SCIENTIFIC DEVELOPMENTS

17-21 419
Abstract

A technology for obtaining organomineral fertilizer based on sewage sludge from chemical enterprises is proposed, which allows increasing soil fertility due to the fine structure of bio-coal obtained during pyrolysis of sewage sludge, which retains nutrients in soils for a long time. Studies of sewage sludge before and after pyrolysis for compliance with agrochemical indicators of organic fertilizers according to GOST R 54651-2011 "Organic fertilizers based on sewage sludge" are presented. A method for obtaining organomineral fertilizer by mixing activated sludge with phosphorous flour and sawdust is proposed to ensure the stability of indicators according to the required values according to GOST criteria.

22-27 520
Abstract

The purpose was to expand the applicaation area of dry ash in power plants. It was shown that using ash with a low content of Fe2O3 (~7%) allows to obtain a high-iron concentrate with a Fe2O3 content of 70%. The Fe2O3 extraction from ash is dependent on the magnetic induction and fractional ash composition. The conclusion was made about the possibility of using the obtained magnetite concentrate in ferrous metallurgy in the manufacture of basic iron and steel.

28-33 325
Abstract

It is shown that in recent years, sodium hypochlorite has been effectively used as an alternative to chlorine gas at water management enterprises in Russian cities. It is noted that its bactericidal action is almost equivalent to chlorine and provides effective disinfection of water and protection against all known pathogenic bacteria, viruses, fungal and protozoa. The criteria for the effectiveness and selection of concentrated and low-concentrated sodium hypochlorite for water disinfection are given.

34-39 319
Abstract

A technology for disposing drill cuttings with the production of building materials that meet existing standards, are environmentally friendly and cost-effective on an industrial scale is presented. The article describes the building materials production which allows the disposal of drilling cuttings in parallel with the drilling of oil wells to reduce the time and area of the allotted territories for the construction of waste storage facilities.

40-43 181
Abstract

It is noted that inter-shale clay is an substandard raw material, since it is almost impossible to obtain earthquake-resistant bricks on its basis without the use of high-quality cleaners. A method for obtaining a seismic-resistant brick M125-M150 was obtained on the basis of substandard interstitial clay with the use of ferrous metallurgy waste — aspiration dust used as a thinner, which participates in the formation of the structure and is a frame, thanks to which the product is not deformed during the firing process.

44-49 218
Abstract

Geological criteria for the zonal evaluation of the RF territory potential for CO2 capture and storage are substantiated. The criteria of zonal forecast for the areas within the RF boundaries are proposed to arrange and monitor underground storage facilities are proposed on the basis of the international and Russian regulatory frameworks on the disposal of carbon dioxide, industrial wastewaters, toxic wastes, arrangement and monitoring of underground storage facilities for the purpose of implementing Carbon Capture and Storage (CCS) projects. The scheme of investigation of the geological structures is built up, and brief characterization of each parameter along with its significance degree in the evaluation system is presented.

50-55 171
Abstract

Experimental researches of characteristic of low frequency noise and gas dynamic gas pressure pulsations were carried out on experimental compressor mount and in the real industrial conditions. It is shown that gas pressure pulsations are making the main contribution into forming of low frequency noise of compressor mount. New device of reduction of low frequency noise and dynamic pressure pulsations was suggested. The device is allowing us to reach simultaneous efficient reduction of noise and pressure pulsations during operation of compressor mounts and to reduce the risk of the accidents in industrial conditions.

56-60 175
Abstract

The analysis is carried out and the relevance of the application of geophysical methods for the elimination of objects of accumulated environmental damage is shown. The conclusion is made about the effectiveness of the proposed methodology, which provides a reduction in the duration of engineering surveys, as well as the cost of PIR by 1.5 times compared with traditional methods.

ANALYSIS. METHODS. PROGNOSIS

61-65 255
Abstract

Local features of the geochemical spectra of trace elements in the snow dust of Tobolsk and Tyumen were revealed using a hierarchical cluster analysis of the normalized values of their content. Geochemical spectra of snow sampling points were studied in residential and industrial areas, as well as in significantly remote areas (conditional background). Four clusters were identified in Tobolsk and five in Tyumen, for each of them characteristic geochemical spectra and pollution sources were detected.

66-71 525
Abstract

The concept of ecological capacity of the territory; and methods of its assessment are considered, classifications of approaches and criteria for assessing the capacity of the environment are given.



ISSN 1816-0395 (Print)
ISSN 2413-6042 (Online)