It is proposed to introduce an additional stage of "wet" cleaning of waste gases of caking at RUSAL Achinsk. For experimental industrial research, the work used a multi-vortex scrubber, in which the gas is cleaned in a dispersed water-air layer, formed by the flow of gases from the bottom up through the dispersing lattice. As an absorbent irrigation solution, it is proposed to use pre-heated up to 50 degrees Celsius water (PSH), containing an average of 8.98 g/dm³ and 16.74 g/dm³ of caustic and total alkaline, respectively. The efficiency of gas dust-cleaning was assessed depending on the consumption of PSH (0.2–1.2 l/m³ of gas at feed speeds of 0.2 hp and 0.4 hp), as well as the use of two schemes of its supply (flow and recycling).

A method for producing composite solutions using ash from the burning of fuel oil as a waste product is presented. The chemical and mineral composition of the ash is determined. The structure formation in composite solutions was studied when replacing cement with various amounts of ash. The possibility of a 40 % replacement of cement with ash without loss of technological parameters of the system has been established. The environmental safety of the composite solution using the ash modifier has been proved by determining phytotoxicity on seedlings of Raphanus sativus radish seeds.

The technology of obtaining clinker bricks on the basis of waste of non-ferrous metallurgy – clay part of the "tails" of the gravity of zircon-ilmenite ores and waste of energy – ash of light fraction is considered. The use of non-ferrous metallurgy and energy waste in ceramics contributes to the disposal of industrial waste, environmental protection and the expansion of the raw material base for ceramic building materials.

The possibilities of using natural granular glauconite in standard water treatment schemes have been investigated. Resource tests of the studied material were carried out in dynamics, simulating possible conditions of use. As a result of the experiments, it was established: during the filtration process, alkalization of water occurs, but the result does not exceed pH = 6÷9, which are the norm for drinking water; the use of a sorbent based on natural glauconite does not impair the hardness indicator of the treated water. The dynamic exchange capacity was: for iron – 3.09 mg/g of absorbent, copper – 19.15 mg/g of absorbent, zinc – 4.82 mg/g of absorbent. The resource of the filter was determined with the loading of granulate with a volume of 1 dm3: for iron – 2918 dm³, for copper – 5425 dm³, for zinc – 273 dm³. The mechanical strength acquired by the sorbent as a result of granulation made it possible to wash the load by the countercurrent method, freeing intergranular pores from the sediment accumulated in them. The revealed capabilities of granular glauconite will allow its use in drinking water treatment schemes for purifying natural waters from heavy metals: iron, zinc, copper.

The results on the production of composite magnetosorbents (CMS) based on agricultural wastes (uncontaminated steel gas treatment dust – PGSN, sunflower husk, paraffin) for the treatment of contaminated water from oil and its products and minimizing the environmental impact of petrochemical enterprises are presented. Biotesting at two test sites (crustaceans Daphnia magna and algae Scenedesmus quadricauda) allowed us to establish that PSGN is non-toxic and can be used as a component of magnetosorbents. The resulting materials showed good physicochemical properties. It was shown that CMC have high hydrophobicity – the contact angle of contact was 125–137 degrees; buoyancy of the material for 96 hours did not decrease below 97–99 %; CMC had a low water absorption of 0.132–0.114 g/g. The oil intensity of the sorbents was 6.0 ± 0.15 g/g. Sorption equilibrium was achieved during the first 10–20 minutes contact of the material with oil and oil productsand remained constant. It has been established that the sorption process is influenced by the nature and thickness of the oil product layer. The maximum sorption capacity is achieved with a film thickness of 3.5 ± 0.15 mm.

The modern aspects of some rheological characteristics of polymeric materials obtained using starch of substandard wheat grains and sugar beet pulp are considered. The main factors affecting mixing are discussed, which ensures high-quality dispersion and distribution of particles in the matrix in order to obtain a homogeneous mixture and the required properties of biopolymers. A study on the selection of the percentage ratio of fillers (starch and sugar beet pulp) allowed us to develop compositions for biodegradable films. The main objective of the research is to reduce the biodegradation period of polymeric material based on starch from substandard wheat grains and sugar beet pulp.

The properties of composite photocatalysts based on a coating of TiO₂ nanotubes (NT TiO₂) and Cu₂O particles are presented. Coatings of nanotubes were obtained by the anodization method, after which particles of copper (I) oxide were deposited by the method of ion layering on the NT surface. The morphology and composition of the resulting composite catalysts were studied. The synthesized catalysts were shown to exhibit high photocatalytic activity in the phenol oxidation reaction in an aqueous medium under normal conditions. The maximum degree of phenol oxidation in 1 h on the developed photocatalysts was 82 %. The dependence of the catalytic activity on the number of layers of deposition of copper oxide on the coatings of nanotubes of titanium dioxide (NT TiO₂) is established.

The sorption purification of model solutions from Ni²⁺ ions was studied using, as sorption materials, ground peanut peel of the original and heat-treated at a temperature of 250 °C and 350 °C. Isotherms of adsorption of Ni²⁺ ions by sorption materials were constructed in the range of initial concentrations up to 1000 mg/dm³ of the initial and thermally modified peanut peel. Isotherms are processed in the framework of the Langmuir, Freundlich and BET models. The kinetics of adsorption of Ni²⁺ ions by the initial and heat-treated peanut peel was studied. It was experimentally determined that the maximum sorption capacity of the initial peanut peel at an initial concentration of Ni²⁺ 1000 mg/dm³ ions is 0.6 mmol/g, and for annealed at 250 and 350 ° C – 0.66 and 0.78 mmol/g, respectively.

This article provides an analysis of issues in relation to the environmental safety of nuclear power plants, based on the international and Russian experience. The author demonstrates that Russian nuclear plants have a high level of environmental safety. Brief characteristics of all safety barriers have been given. And attention has been paid to the stress tests of the operating nuclear powers plants. Statistic data over recent decades confirm the high level of safety. Special attention is given to nuclear power plants having new-generation 3+ VVER reactors with the capacity of 1,200 MW.

To determine the stability of the ledge of dumps formed on the site being rehabilitated, using the technological soil obtained from the overburden works, the results of field tests and laboratory studies of the physical and mechanical characteristics of the technological soil are used. Numerical simulation of the calculation of stability is performed in a flat-vertical formulation, it is determined that the safety factors of the stability of the overburden slope meet the regulatory requirements. As recommendations, it was proposed to once a month to monitor the water level in the observation well, and especially closely during periods of snow melting (spring) and rains (autumn) and to conduct a visual inspection in the zone of obtaining the minimum curve for the occurrence of cracks and floods of the soil massif, in case of their occurrence, develop reinforcing measures.

The method of environmental safety analysis based on the solution of optimization multi-criterion problems is presented. The main comparison criteria and their relative importance are highlighted. The advantages and disadvantages of the considered methods are determined, the most appropriate for this task is identified. This allows you to more accurately choose the most optimal design solutions, with less man-caused impact of the construction site on the environment.

A technique of controlled algoremediation, which is based on hydrochemical data obtained during artificial algolization of a recreational reservoir by a planktonic strain of green microalgae chlorella – Chlorella vulgaris BIN is presented. This approach includes a scientific and practical apparatus and a method for calculating the amount of algolizant needed to restore the technogenic disturbed aquatic mesoecosystem.

The main objective of the research is a complex assessment of the actual ecological status of Salgir River waters based on several methods: visual survey of the watercourse as well as studying spatial and temporal transformation of water quality and determining the degree of water pollution by means of an integral criterion –water pollution index (IES) and bioassay techniques carried on seeds of two test crops (cress salad and wheat), and also zoning a watercourse according to several criteria. The assessment found a tendency to increasing degradation of water quality due to the increase of the anthropogenic load (increase in water abstracted from the river). The typical pollutants in the Salgir river are petroleum products, phosphates, lead, copper, biological oxygen uptake (BOU5). Phosphate content is in the range of 5.5–27.5, lead – 3.06–6.67, copper –1.02–4.52 MPC. The most powerful source of pollution of the river is the treatment facilities of Simferopol. The results of this comprehensive study made it possible not only to reflect the real situation at the water facility, but also to highlight sections of the river where a set of measures aimed at reducing/preventing the consequences of anthropogenic impact should be carried out as a priority.