On Base Principles of Environmental Safety of Technosphere Objects

Abstract

Main target of this article is to spread the approaches developed for atomic power engineering to environmental protection systems and methods in other branches
of industry. A new definition, which is absent in the legislation, is proposed: environmental safety of the technosphere object. All variety of dangers and threats
can be classified by the key ontological principle, which is their occurrence in time: some threats occur in reality (actually), and other ones occur in possibility
(potentially). Some of them act constantly and chronically during the object operation, and other ones appear during accidents. Before the accident, the active
components can be measured determining the degree of wear and deformation, while the potential one can be only calculated by normative documents. The
chemical and biological safety enters the actual component and can be measured and determined relative to the maximum permissible concentration. Main problems
of provision of environmental safety of the technosphere object are analyzed and methods of their solution are proposed.