Technology of Forming and Reclamation of Waste Heap during Open-pit Coal Mining

Abstract

So far was accumulated substantial experience in the field of waste heaps in Central Siberia. There was briefly described contemporary state of technologies of waste heaps’ dumping during open-pit coal mining, made analysis of consequences of waste heaps’ forming and application of mine land reclamation’s technologies, which were designed accordingly with State standards. During field surveying there was revealed that losses of reach soil layer attained 80% and more. Ideally designed surfaces of heaps are not promotes to vegetable ecosystems development. Relief of heaps is deteriorated under impact of water erosion. There was established that under developed technologies of waste heaps forming losses of pedologic envelope practically decreased to zero. There was offered forming relief of heaps’ surface as a kind of minor fold without levelling by bulldozer. In the design of heaps there should be envisaged terraces with height more than 5-7 meters with deposition on its surfaces soil layer, formatting by stripper shovel during development of upper overburden bench.