The urgency of solving a problem to decrease the environmental release of polluting substances and greenhouse gases as an essential aspect of environmental activity of the territory of the Yamal-Nenets Autonomous District (YNAD) is defined. The major factors defining the level of pollution of the outside air in the YNAD are determined. Irregularity of anthropogenic load on the outside air related to the low population density and undeveloped transport infrastructure, on the one hand, and active industrial development of oil-and-gas resources of the district, on the other hand, is found. The opportunity of the management by objectives for ecologically safety conditions of life of the population in the YNAD thanks to enhancement of the outside air is considered. The main parameters of the developed project of the target program of the district on the outside air protection are submitted. The extents and sources of financing the program measures are defined. The program control mechanism is developed, the functions of the program contractors and the criteria of assessment of efficiency of the program implementation are defined.