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<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">ekip</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Экология и промышленность России</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Ecology and Industry of Russia</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">1816-0395</issn><issn pub-type="epub">2413-6042</issn><publisher><publisher-name>ООО "Калвис"</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.18412/1816-0395-2025-5-64-71</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">ekip-2922</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>ЭКОЛОГИЧЕСКАЯ БЕЗОПАСНОСТЬ</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>ECOLOGICAL SAFETY</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>Исследование подвижности урана в модельных почвенных средах в присутствии металлических железа и алюминия</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Study of Uranium Mobility in Model Soil Media in the Presence of Metallic Iron and Aluminum</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Софронова</surname><given-names>С.М.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Sofronova</surname><given-names>S.M.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>инженер</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Engineer</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">podpiska@kalvis.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Богуславский</surname><given-names>А.Е.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Boguslavsky</surname><given-names>A.E.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>д-р геол.-минерал. наук, и.о. зав. лабораторией</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Dr. Sci. (Geol.-Mineral.), Acting Head of Laboratory</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">podpiska@kalvis.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Гаськова</surname><given-names>О.Л.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Gaskova</surname><given-names>O.L.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>д-р геол.-минерал. наук, вед. науч. сотрудник</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Dr. Sci. (Geol.-Mineral.), Leading Researcher</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">podpiska@kalvis.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Сысо</surname><given-names>А.И.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Syso</surname><given-names>A.I.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>д-р биол. наук, науч. руководитель</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Dr. Sci. (Biology), Research Advisor</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">podpiska@kalvis.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-2"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Институт геологии и минералогии им. В.С. Соболева СО РАН</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>V.S. Sobolev Institute of Geology and Mineralogy SB RAS</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff-2"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Институт почвоведения и агрохимии СО РАН</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Institute of Soil Science and Agrochemistry SB RAS</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2025</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>20</day><month>05</month><year>2025</year></pub-date><volume>29</volume><issue>5</issue><fpage>64</fpage><lpage>71</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; ООО "Калвис", 2025</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2025</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">ООО "Калвис"</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">ООО "Калвис"</copyright-holder><license xlink:href="https://www.ecology-kalvis.ru/jour/about/submissions#copyrightNotice" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>https://www.ecology-kalvis.ru/jour/about/submissions#copyrightNotice</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://www.ecology-kalvis.ru/jour/article/view/2922">https://www.ecology-kalvis.ru/jour/article/view/2922</self-uri><abstract><p>Проведено исследование подвижности урана в почвенных средах с разными значениями рН при введении металлических пластинок Al и Fe для создания восстановительных условий. Смоделирована ситуация захоронения твердых радиоактивных отходов (ТРО) на предприятиях Росатома. Определены формы нахождения урана в почвенных грунтах методом ступенчатого выщелачивания по схеме Клемента. Выявлено, что наиболее эффективными оказались кислые среды с добавлением торфа, где &gt;90 % U остается в остаточной "неподвижной" фракции, связанной с органическим веществом. Отмечено, что в нейтральной среде (чернозем) подвижность урана значительно зависит от его количества в системе (1 и 5 % по массе), а в щелочной среде избыток карбонатов увеличивает подвижность урана за счет образования уранил-карбонатных комплексов в растворе. Подтверждено, что накопление урана наиболее интенсивно происходит в кислой и нейтральной средах.</p></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><p>The study of uranium mobility in soil media with different pH values at introduction of metal plates Al and Fe to create reducing conditions was carried out. The situation of solid radioactive waste (SRW) disposal at Rosatom facilities was modeled. The forms of uranium in soils were determined by the method of step leaching according to the Clement's scheme. It was revealed that the most effective were acidic media with the addition of peat, where &gt;90 % of U remains in the residual "fixed" fraction binded with organic matter. It was noted that in neutral medium (chernozem) uranium mobility significantly depends on its amount in the system (1 and 5 % by mass), and in alkaline medium excess of carbonates increases uranium mobility due to the formation of uranyl-carbonate complexes in solution. It is confirmed that uranium accumulation is most intensive in acidic and neutral media.</p></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>твердые радиоактивные отходы</kwd><kwd>коррозия железа и алюминия</kwd><kwd>миграция урана</kwd><kwd>гетит</kwd><kwd>гиббсит</kwd><kwd>сорбция на продуктах окисления металлов</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>solid radioactive waste</kwd><kwd>iron and aluminum corrosion</kwd><kwd>uranium migration</kwd><kwd>goethite</kwd><kwd>gibbsite</kwd><kwd>sorption on metal oxidation products</kwd></kwd-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Krot A., Vlasova I., Trigub A. From EXAFS of reference compounds to U(VI) speciation in contaminated environments. Journal of Synchrotron Radiation. 2022. № 29. Р. 303—314. https://doi.org/10.1107/S1600577521013473</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Krot A., Vlasova I., Trigub A. 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