канд. хим. наук, зав. лабораторией
Cand. Sci. (Chem.), Head of Laboratory
ассистент
Assistant
д-р техн. наук, профессор
Dr. Sci. (Eng.), Professor
канд. техн. наук, доцент
Cand. Sci. (Eng.), Associate Professor
канд. биол. наук, ст. науч. сотрудник
Cand. Sci. (Biol.), Senior Research Fellow
канд. хим. наук, ст. науч. сотрудник
Cand. Sci. (Chem.), Senior Research Fellow
мл. науч. сотрудник
Junior Research Fellow
Рассмотрен новый метод оценки устойчивости упаковочных и иных материалов к деструкции, обусловливаемой действием различных факторов (таких как механические нагрузки, влага, жизнедеятельность микроорганизмов и т.п.). Исследована описанным методом устойчивость к различным видам деструкции ряда новых полимерных материалов на основе поливинилхлорида (ПВХ) с добавками крахмала, пектина, полигидроксибутирата и бентонита. Изучено также влияние вида образцов исследуемых материалов на рост и метаболическую активность тестовых микроорганизмов. Показано, что если нужно увеличить общую деградируемость пленочных ПВХ-материалов, то в качестве добавок к ним можно использовать от 5 до 10 % по массе крахмала. Для избирательного увеличения биоразлагаемости таких материалов в качестве добавок к ним можно использовать от 5 до 10 % по массе полигидроксибутирата. А для избирательного повышения биоустойчивости ПВХ-материалов в качестве добавок к ним можно применять от 5 до 15 % по массе бентонита.
New methods is described for assessing the resistance of packaging and other materials to destruction caused by the action of various factors (such as mechanical stress, moisture, and the vital activity of microorganisms etc.). This method include comparing the strength of samples of the studied materials (SSM), determined before and after 9-day incubation of SSM in liquid nutrient medium (NM) with and without test microorganisms (TM) by day-to-day replacement of 40 vol. % NM on steril medium. Resistance to various types of degradation of a number of new polymer materials based on polyvinyl chloride (PVC) with the addition of 0 to 30 mass. % starch, pectin, polyhydroxybutyrate and bentonite was investigated by the method described. The effect of SSM on the growth and metabolic activity in liquid NM of Lactobacillus acidophilus was also studied (according to the dynamics of changes in the elastic light scattering intensity, pH, and electrical conductivity of NM during the first 9 hours of its incubation in the presence of SSM and TM). As a result, it was shown that if it is necessary to increase the overall degradability of such materials (including biodegradability), it is better to use from 5 to 10 mass. % starch as additives to their PVC base. If it is necessary to increase the biodegradability of such materials, it is better to use from 5 to 10 mass. % polyhydroxybutyrate as additives to their PVC base. Аnd if it is necessary to increase the biostability of constructed PVC-materials, it is better to use from 5 to 15 mass .% bentonite as additives to their PVC base.
The authors declare that there are no conflicts of interest present.